{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T20:57:59Z","timestamp":1791838679083,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609459200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>\n                  <jats:italic>Tripterygium wilfordii<\/jats:italic> multiglucoside (TWM) is a fat-soluble extract from a Chinese herb <jats:italic>T. wilfordii<\/jats:italic>,  that\u2019s used in treating rheumatoid arthritis, nephrotic syndrome and other skin diseases. Triptolide (TP) is a major active component in TWM. However, clinical applications of TWM are limited by its various toxicities especially hepatotoxicity. In recent studies, it has been reported that drug-induced liver injury (DILI) could induce the disorder of lipid metabolism in animals. Hence, this study focuses on the metabolic profile of fatty acids in TWM- and TP-induced liver-injured rats. In serum and liver tissue, 16 free and 16 esterified fatty acids  were measured by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. Metabolic profile of serum fatty acids in rats with liver injury was identified by multivariate statistical analysis. The fatty acid levels in the serum of TWM- and TP-treated rats significantly decreased, whereas those in the liver tissue of TWM- and TP-treated rats obviously increased when compared with the vehicle-treated rats. Four free fatty acids were identified as candidate biomarkers of TWM- and TP-induced liver injury. Therefore, the targeted metabolomic method may be used as a complementary approach for DILI diagnosis in clinic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/biol-2021-0016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,21]],"date-time":"2021-02-21T01:31:43Z","timestamp":1613871103000},"page":"184-197","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Metabolic profiling of fatty acids in <i>Tripterygium wilfordii<\/i> multiglucoside- and triptolide-induced liver-injured rats"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Xiaojie","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University , Nanchang 330013 , P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cong","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University , Nanchang 330013 , P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongwei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University , Nanchang 330013 , P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linjing","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University , Nanchang 330013 , P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinhua","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University , Nanchang 330013 , P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xilan","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University , Nanchang 330013 , P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Siyu","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Drug Design and Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University , Nanchang 330013 , P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022092006453711431_j_biol-2021-0016_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pope ED, Kimbrough EO, Vemireddy LP, Surapaneni PK, Copland JA, Mody K. Aberrant lipid metabolism as a therapeutic target in liver cancer. Expert Opin Ther Targets. 2019;23(6):473\u201383.","DOI":"10.1080\/14728222.2019.1615883"},{"key":"2022092006453711431_j_biol-2021-0016_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen W, Li XM, Li AL, Yang G, Hu HN. Hepatitis C virus increases free fatty acids absorption and promotes its replication via down-regulating GADD45\u03b1 expression. Med Sci Monit. 2016;22:2347\u201356.","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.899591"},{"key":"2022092006453711431_j_biol-2021-0016_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Xiong YH, Xu Y, Yang L, Wang ZT. 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