{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T15:50:20Z","timestamp":1791474620278,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"4-5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778198400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_bmt-2026-0041_abs_001\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To develop and validate a deep learning framework for classifying postoperative time-points as a proxy task for monitoring longitudinal fracture healing progression from serial radiographs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_bmt-2026-0041_abs_002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective study included 150 patients with paired pre-treatment and follow-up X-ray images. We built a detection-guided pipeline comprising (1) fracture-region localization using an enhanced YOLOv11 detector integrating attention mechanism, Focal-SIoU loss, and data augmentation, and (2) healing-status prediction from detected regions of interest by quantifying callus formation and fracture-line changes over time. Data were split at the patient level into training\/validation\/test cohorts. Performance was evaluated using accuracy, F1 score, ROC\/AUC, and calibration, and compared with clinician readings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_bmt-2026-0041_abs_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The YOLOv11\u2013guided framework achieved reliable fracture localization and consistent healing assessment on serial radiographs. On the independent test set, it showed stable discriminative ability across follow-up stages and improved robustness over manual interpretation, particularly at early postoperative time points when radiographic changes are subtle.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_bmt-2026-0041_abs_004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This single-center study demonstrates a technical framework for objective and scalable radiograph-based longitudinal fracture-healing monitoring. External, multi-center validation is required before broader clinical deployment. The proposed detection-enhanced YOLOv11 framework may support clinical follow-up and decision-making after fracture surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/bmt-2026-0041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T20:43:35Z","timestamp":1778273015000},"page":"503-517","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Deep learning\u2013enabled monitoring of postoperative fracture healing on serial radiographs: a 150-patient study using an enhanced YOLOv11 framework"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Yugang","family":"Teng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery , Fuxin Central Hospital , Fuxin , Liaoning , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery , Fuxin Central Hospital , Fuxin , Liaoning , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery , Fuxin Central Hospital , Fuxin , Liaoning , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jide","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery , Fuxin Central Hospital , Fuxin , Liaoning , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junzheng","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery , Fuxin Central Hospital , Fuxin , Liaoning , China"},{"name":"Computer Center of Fuxin Central Hospital , Fuxin , Liaoning , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100814512988516_j_bmt-2026-0041_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Flowers, D, McCallister, E, Christopherson, R, Ware, E. 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