{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T08:20:18Z","timestamp":1778228418212,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Leiomyomas growth involves cellular hypertrophy, modulation of mitotic activity and upregulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Vascular factors and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a coordinated role during neoplasia and tissue remodeling. The present study investigates the role of angiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A with the activity of main gelatinases, MMP-2\/MMP-9 and their tissue inhibitor TIMP-1 in patients with leiomyomas.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Peripheral blood of 46 women with uterine leiomyomas was obtained prior hysterectomy to assess VEGF-A, MMP-2, -9, TIMP-1 levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay compared to 39 healthy controls. Protein expression levels of VEGF-A, MMP-2 and MMP-9 were evaluated by western immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry in leiomyomas tissue specimens after hysterectomy. Furthermore, the activity of gelatinases in leiomyoma tissue extracts and control myometrium was evaluated by semi-quantitative zymography.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Circulating levels of VEGF-A, MMP-2 and TIMP-1 were significantly elevated in leiomyoma patients compared to controls (p&lt;0.001, p=0.004, p=0.003, respectively). A positive correlation was found between VEGF-A and MMP-2 (p=0.021) as well as MMP-9 (p=0.001) peripheral levels in the patient\u2019s group. Furthermore, increased VEGF-A protein levels were detected in leiomyoma tissue compared to control myometrium, followed by increased localization of both VEGF-A and MMP-2 in the ECM embedding bundles of smooth muscle cells of leiomyomas. The activity of MMP-2 was significantly higher in leiomyomas than normal myometrium in all investigated tissues.<\/jats:p><jats:p>This study demonstrates a possible coordinated role of VEGF-A and MMP-2 during uterine leiomyomas growth and angiogenesis with potential prognostic significance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2014-0798","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,3]],"date-time":"2014-12-03T17:01:10Z","timestamp":1417626070000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Expression of vascular endothelial factor-A, gelatinases (MMP-2, MMP-9) and TIMP-1 in uterine leiomyomas"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Porfyrios","family":"Korompelis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Piperi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christos","family":"Adamopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Georgia","family":"Dalagiorgou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Penelope","family":"Korkolopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Athanasia","family":"Sepsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aris","family":"Antsaklis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Athanasios 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United States","volume":"34","author":"Whiteman","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref821","first-page":"1005","article-title":"Differential expression of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in leiomyomata : a mechanism for gonadotrophin releasing hormone agonist - induced tumor regression","volume":"14","author":"Tranuzzer","year":"1997","journal-title":"Mol Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref301","first-page":"732","article-title":"The family of matrix metalloproteinases","author":"Woessner","year":"1994","journal-title":"Ann NY Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref561","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(02)03154-0","article-title":"Interactions of cytokines growth factors and the extracellular matrix in the cellular biology of the uterine leiomyomata","author":"Sozen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"ref731","first-page":"132","article-title":"The relationship between microvessel density proliferative 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