{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T21:16:06Z","timestamp":1788902166514,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Since the urinary concentration of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) is a reliable biomarker of exposure to tobacco smoke, we developed a relatively simple high-throughput chromatographic method to quantify total urinary NNAL concentrations in the general population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>The high-throughput analytical method was developed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS\/MS) to identify and quantify total urinary NNAL concentrations in 10 non-smokers and 15 otherwise healthy smokers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Loss of nitric oxide at<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>An UPLC-MS\/MS analytical method to quantify total urinary NNAL concentrations in smokers that does not require sample derivatization is presented herein. The method could be useful in clarifying the toxicities associated with human exposure to cigarette smoking. However, quantification might be adversely affected by co-eluting interfering compounds or selective ion suppression or enhancement as a result of having only one ion transition to monitor NNAL and NNAL-methyl-<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2014-0829","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,23]],"date-time":"2015-01-23T12:38:08Z","timestamp":1422016688000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Simple high-throughput analytical method using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry to quantify total 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol in urine"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Jun-Young","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyun-Kyong","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Si-Won","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"You-Jung","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young-Jun","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. Yadira","family":"Vel\u00e1zquez-Armenta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alejandro A.","family":"Nava-Ocampo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref461","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.3109\/13547500903242883","article-title":"Determination of tobacco - specific nitrosamines in urine of smokers and non - smokers","volume":"14","author":"Kavvadias","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biomarkers"},{"key":"ref571","first-page":"192","article-title":"NL rd Nicotine chemistry metabolism kinetics","author":"Benowitz","year":"2009","journal-title":"biomarkers Exp Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref101","first-page":"1","article-title":"Analysis of the tobacco - specific nitrosamine methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanol in urine by extraction on a molecularly imprinted polymer column and liquid chromatography \/ atmospheric pressure ionization tandem mass spectrometry","author":"Xia","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/93.5.378","article-title":"Metabolites of a tobacco - specific lung carcinogen in nonsmoking women exposed to environmental tobacco smoke","author":"Anderson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"ref211","first-page":"134","article-title":"Tobacco - specific nitrosamine exposures and cancer risk in the Shanghai Cohort Study : remarkable coherence with rat tumor sites","author":"Stepanov","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"ref381","first-page":"1","article-title":"Development of a method for the determination of methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanol in urine of nonsmokers and smokers using liquid chromatography \/ tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"63","author":"Hou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharm Anal"},{"key":"ref361","first-page":"1","article-title":"new liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method for methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanol in urine Rapid Mass","volume":"25","author":"Bhat","year":"2011","journal-title":"Commun"},{"key":"ref531","first-page":"354","article-title":"CA DO BE Ethnic and racial differences in the smoking - related risk of lung cancer","author":"Haiman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref311","first-page":"69","article-title":"Urinary levels of tobacco - specific nitrosamine metabolites in relation to lung cancer development in two prospective cohorts of cigarette smokers","author":"Yuan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref431","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"907","DOI":"10.1093\/carcin\/23.6.907","article-title":"SS Human urinary carcinogen metabolites biomarkers for investigating tobacco and cancer","volume":"23","author":"Hecht","year":"2002","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"ref91","first-page":"1","article-title":"Development of a method for the determination of methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanol in urine of nonsmokers and smokers using liquid chromatography \/ tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"63","author":"Hou","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pharm Anal"},{"key":"ref471","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2011-050298","article-title":"Assessing secondhand smoke using biological markers","volume":"22","author":"Avila","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.3109\/13547500903242883","article-title":"Determination of tobacco - specific nitrosamines in urine of smokers and non - smokers","volume":"14","author":"Kavvadias","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biomarkers"},{"key":"ref511","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"98","DOI":"10.1002\/jms.406","article-title":"Liquid chromatographic \/ tandem mass spectrometric method for the determination of the tobacco - specific nitrosamine metabolite NNAL in smokers urine","author":"Byrd","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Mass Spectrom"},{"key":"ref401","article-title":"European Medicines Agency Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use Guideline on bioanalytical method validation","author":"EMeA","year":"2011"},{"key":"ref391","first-page":"1","article-title":"Analysis of the tobacco - specific nitrosamine methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanol in urine by extraction on a molecularly imprinted polymer column and liquid chromatography \/ atmospheric pressure ionization tandem mass spectrometry","author":"Xia","year":"2005","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"key":"ref281","first-page":"192","article-title":"NL rd Nicotine chemistry metabolism kinetics","author":"Benowitz","year":"2009","journal-title":"biomarkers Exp Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref561","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-09-0874","article-title":"rd Elimination kinetics of the tobacco - specific biomarker and lung carcinogen methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanol","volume":"18","author":"Goniewicz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers"},{"key":"ref191","first-page":"71","article-title":"Urinary levels of cigarette smoke constituent metabolites are prospectively associated with lung cancer development in smokers","author":"Yuan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref251","first-page":"1","article-title":"Exposure to the carcinogen methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanone in smokers from populations with different risks of lung cancer","volume":"24","author":"Derby","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"ref451","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-07-2843","article-title":"Metabolism of the tobacco - specific carcinogen methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanone to its biomarker total NNAL in smokeless tobacco users","volume":"17","author":"Hecht","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers"},{"key":"ref541","first-page":"1","article-title":"Exposure to the carcinogen methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanone in smokers from populations with different risks of lung cancer","volume":"24","author":"Derby","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effect of maternal tobacco smoking or exposure to second - hand smoke on the levels of methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanol in urine of mother and the first urine of newborn","author":"Florek","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref371","first-page":"1","article-title":"Development of a rapid method for the simultaneous separation and determination of methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanol and its glucuronides in human urine by liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry","author":"Yao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anal Chim Acta"},{"key":"ref341","first-page":"1","article-title":"Effect of maternal tobacco smoking or exposure to second - hand smoke on the levels of methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanol in urine of mother and the first urine of newborn","author":"Florek","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"69","article-title":"Urinary levels of tobacco - specific nitrosamine metabolites in relation to lung cancer development in two prospective cohorts of cigarette smokers","author":"Yuan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref521","first-page":"1","article-title":"Stability of the tobacco - specific nitrosamine methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanol in urine samples stored at various temperatures","author":"Bernert","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Anal Toxicol"},{"key":"ref551","first-page":"1","article-title":"Quantitation of metabolites of methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanone after cessation of smokeless tobacco use","author":"Hecht","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref71","first-page":"1","article-title":"new liquid chromatography mass spectrometry method for methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanol in urine Rapid Mass","volume":"25","author":"Bhat","year":"2011","journal-title":"Commun"},{"key":"ref351","first-page":"1","article-title":"rd NL Subpicogram per milliliter determination of the tobacco - specific carcinogen metabolite methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanol in human urine using liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"21","author":"Jacob","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"key":"ref231","first-page":"1","article-title":"Stability of the tobacco - specific nitrosamine methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanol in urine samples stored at various temperatures","author":"Bernert","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Anal Toxicol"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-07-2843","article-title":"Metabolism of the tobacco - specific carcinogen methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanone to its biomarker total NNAL in smokeless tobacco users","volume":"17","author":"Hecht","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-04-0753","article-title":"SS Tobacco - specific nitrosamines and their pyridine glucuronides in the urine of smokers and smokeless tobacco users","volume":"14","author":"Stepanov","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers"},{"key":"ref481","first-page":"71","article-title":"Urinary levels of cigarette smoke constituent metabolites are prospectively associated with lung cancer development in smokers","author":"Yuan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref01","first-page":"745","article-title":"Understanding tobacco smoke carcinogen lung tumorigenesis","volume":"29","author":"Akopyan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Oncol"},{"key":"ref291","first-page":"745","article-title":"Understanding tobacco smoke carcinogen lung tumorigenesis","volume":"29","author":"Akopyan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Oncol"},{"key":"ref241","first-page":"354","article-title":"CA DO BE Ethnic and racial differences in the smoking - related risk of lung cancer","author":"Haiman","year":"2006","journal-title":"Engl J Med"},{"key":"ref491","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-13-3178","article-title":"Urinary tobacco smoke - constituent biomarkers for assessing risk of lung cancer","volume":"11","author":"Yuan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-13-3178","article-title":"Urinary tobacco smoke - constituent biomarkers for assessing risk of lung cancer","volume":"11","author":"Yuan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref501","first-page":"134","article-title":"Tobacco - specific nitrosamine exposures and cancer risk in the Shanghai Cohort Study : remarkable coherence with rat tumor sites","author":"Stepanov","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"ref441","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-04-0753","article-title":"SS Tobacco - specific nitrosamines and their pyridine glucuronides in the urine of smokers and smokeless tobacco users","volume":"14","author":"Stepanov","year":"2005","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers"},{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1136\/tobaccocontrol-2011-050298","article-title":"Assessing secondhand smoke using biological markers","volume":"22","author":"Avila","year":"2013","journal-title":"Tob Control"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-07-2844","article-title":"Extensive metabolic activation of the tobacco - specific carcinogen methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanone in smokers","volume":"17","author":"Stepanov","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers"},{"key":"ref271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-09-0874","article-title":"rd Elimination kinetics of the tobacco - specific biomarker and lung carcinogen methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanol","volume":"18","author":"Goniewicz","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers"},{"key":"ref301","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-07-2844","article-title":"Extensive metabolic activation of the tobacco - 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specific lung carcinogen in nonsmoking women exposed to environmental tobacco smoke","author":"Anderson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"ref61","first-page":"1","article-title":"rd NL Subpicogram per milliliter determination of the tobacco - specific carcinogen metabolite methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanol in human urine using liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry","volume":"21","author":"Jacob","year":"2008","journal-title":"Anal Chem"},{"key":"ref81","first-page":"1","article-title":"Development of a rapid method for the simultaneous separation and determination of methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanol and its glucuronides in human urine by liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry","author":"Yao","year":"2013","journal-title":"Anal Chim Acta"},{"key":"ref261","first-page":"1","article-title":"Quantitation of metabolites of methylnitrosamino pyridyl butanone after cessation of smokeless tobacco use","author":"Hecht","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"ref321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"459","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/91.5.459","article-title":"Metabolites of a tobacco - 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