{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,5]],"date-time":"2026-01-05T22:20:57Z","timestamp":1767651657291,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2017-0618_s_999_w2aab3b7c36b1b6b1aab1c16b1Aa\">\n                  <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Apolipoprotein E (APOE) is a key player in lipid transport and metabolism and exists in three common isoforms: APOE2, APOE3 and APOE4. The presence of the <jats:italic>E4<\/jats:italic> allelic variant is recognized as a major genetic risk factor for dementia and other chronic (neuro)degenerative diseases. The availability of a validated assay for rapid and reliable APOE4 classification is therefore advantageous.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2017-0618_s_998_w2aab3b7c36b1b6b1aab1c16b2Aa\">\n                  <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Biochip array technology (BAT) was successfully applied to identify directly the APOE4 status from plasma within 3 h, through simultaneous immunoassay-based detection of both specific APOE4 and total APOE levels.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2017-0618_s_997_w2aab3b7c36b1b6b1aab1c16b3Aa\">\n                  <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Samples (n=432) were first genotyped by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and thereafter, using BAT, the corresponding plasma was identified as null, heterozygous or homozygous for the <jats:italic>E4<\/jats:italic> allele by calculating the ratio of APOE4 to total APOE protein. Two centers based in Austria and Ireland correctly classified 170 and 262 samples, respectively, and achieved 100% sensitivity and specificity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2017-0618_s_996_w2aab3b7c36b1b6b1aab1c16b4Aa\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This chemiluminescent biochip-based sandwich immunoarray provides a novel platform to detect rapidly and accurately an individual\u2019s <jats:italic>APOE4<\/jats:italic> status directly from plasma. The <jats:italic>E4<\/jats:italic> genotype of individuals has been shown previously to affect presymptomatic risk, prognosis and treatment response for a variety of diseases, including Alzheimer\u2019s disease. The biochip\u2019s potential for being incorporated in quantitative protein biomarker arrays capable of analyzing disease stages makes it a superior alternative to PCR-based <jats:italic>APOE<\/jats:italic> genotyping and may deliver additional protein-specific information on a variety of diseases in the future.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2017-0618","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,7]],"date-time":"2017-12-07T22:16:16Z","timestamp":1512684976000},"page":"796-802","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Development of a new biochip array for APOE4 classification from plasma samples using immunoassay-based methods"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"56","author":[{"given":"Sigrun","family":"Badrnya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Physiology and Pharmacology , Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tara","family":"Doherty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Randox Teoranta, Meenmore, Dungloe, Co. , Donegal , Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ciaran","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Randox Teoranta, Meenmore, Dungloe, Co. , Donegal , Ireland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert I.","family":"McConnell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Randox Laboratories Limited , County Antrim , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John V.","family":"Lamont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Randox Laboratories Limited , County Antrim , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Veitinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Physiology and Pharmacology , Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen P.","family":"FitzGerald","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Randox Laboratories Limited , County Antrim , UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Zellner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Physiology and Pharmacology , Institute of Vascular Biology, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4556-3790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ellen","family":"Umlauf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Physiology and Pharmacology , Institute of Physiology, Medical University of Vienna , Vienna , Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021021220081041072_j_cclm-2017-0618_ref_001_w2aab3b7c36b1b6b1ab2b2b1Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pitas RE, Boyles JK, Lee SH, Hui D, Weisgraber KH. 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