{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:04:26Z","timestamp":1787065466090,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2018-0733_s_999\">\n                    <jats:title id=\"d4336481e45374\">Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA load monitoring in blood is essential for the diagnosis of EBV-associated diseases. However, the best-suited blood compartment for detection is still under discussion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of EBV-DNA load in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), plasma and whole blood (WB) samples.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2018-0733_s_998\">\n                    <jats:title id=\"d4336481e45382\">Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 156 patients, including 45 patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM), 57 patients with EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) and 54 patients with post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD), were enrolled in this study. The EBV-DNA load in PBMC, plasma and WB samples were measured with real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2018-0733_s_997\">\n                    <jats:title id=\"d4336481e45390\">Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>EBV-DNA load of patients with HLH showed no statistical difference in PBMC, plasma and WB samples, while patients with IM and PTLD showed a higher viral load in PBMC samples. The strongest correlation of EBV-DNA level was found between PBMC and WB samples among patients with IM, HLH and PTLD. The follow-up of EBV-DNA showed that the viral load became negative along with the recovery from the disease, while that in WB and PBMC would remain positive for a long time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2018-0733_s_996\">\n                    <jats:title id=\"d4336481e45398\">Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>For the diagnosis and monitoring of EBV-DNA, the type of specimen should be chosen reasonably according to the disease. As for IM and HLH, plasma is recommended to quantify the EBV-DNA load, while PBMC and plasma are preferred in PTLD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2018-0733","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,29]],"date-time":"2018-09-29T05:01:15Z","timestamp":1538197275000},"page":"759-765","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The rational specimen for the quantitative detection of Epstein-Barr virus DNA load"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Wang","family":"Kedi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Dongjiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lv","family":"Zhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gao","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Kun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Su","family":"Jianrong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s11899-013-0162-5","article-title":"Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD): risk factors, diagnosis, and current treatment strategies","volume":"8","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Hematol Malig Rep"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2010.11.002","article-title":"Serum Epstein-Barr virus viral load can be a complementary sensitive test in primary Epstein-Barr virus infection","volume":"50","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"ref201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2011.11.010","article-title":"Comparison of six different specimen types for Epstein-Barr viral load quantification in peripheral blood of pediatric patients after heart transplantation or after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"53","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"ref211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2151","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02308-06","article-title":"Comparison of various blood compartments and reporting units for the detection and quantification of Epstein-Barr virus in peripheral blood","volume":"45","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1503","DOI":"10.1086\/491746","article-title":"Mononucleosis in the laboratory","volume":"192","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2013.71","article-title":"Epstein-Barr virus maintains lymphomas via its miRNAs","volume":"33","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref171","first-page":"3547","article-title":"Plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA predicts outcome in advanced Hodgkin lymphoma: correlative analysis from a large North American cooperative group trial","volume":"121","year":"2003","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref351","first-page":"1765","article-title":"Detection and quantification of virus DNA in plasma of patients with Epstein-Barr virus-associated diseases","volume":"33","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2010.11.002","article-title":"Serum Epstein-Barr virus viral load can be a complementary sensitive test in primary Epstein-Barr virus infection","volume":"50","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"key":"ref261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.32.1.259-261.1994","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of nine kits for rapid diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis and Epstein-Barr virus-specific serology","volume":"32","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.190.4.567","article-title":"Epstein\u2013Barr virus-infected resting memory B cells, not proliferating lymphoblasts, accumulate in the peripheral blood of immunosuppressed patients","volume":"190","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Exp Med"},{"key":"ref401","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4041","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-03-278127","article-title":"How I treat hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis","volume":"118","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"974","DOI":"10.1097\/01.inf.0000095199.56025.96","article-title":"Epstein-Barr virus-associated infectious mononucleosis in Chinese children","volume":"22","year":"2003","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"ref291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1007\/s11899-013-0162-5","article-title":"Post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD): risk factors, diagnosis, and current treatment strategies","volume":"8","year":"2013","journal-title":"Curr Hematol Malig Rep"},{"key":"ref431","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2151","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02308-06","article-title":"Comparison of various blood compartments and reporting units for the detection and 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Epstein-Barr virus infection in children","volume":"22","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Pediatr"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"1759","article-title":"Clinical features and diagnostic criteria of infectious mononucleosis associated with Epstein-Barr virus infection in children","volume":"22","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Appl Clin Pediatr"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.21039","article-title":"HLH-2004: Diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis","volume":"48","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4041","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-03-278127","article-title":"How I treat hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis","volume":"118","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref241","first-page":"1279","article-title":"Epstein-Barr virus infectious mononucleosis","volume":"70","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.32.1.259-261.1994","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of nine kits for rapid diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis and Epstein-Barr virus-specific serology","volume":"32","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"ref221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2013.71","article-title":"Epstein-Barr virus maintains lymphomas via its miRNAs","volume":"33","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"124","DOI":"10.1002\/pbc.21039","article-title":"HLH-2004: Diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis","volume":"48","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatr Blood Cancer"},{"key":"ref371","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4152","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.39.11.4152-4154;2001","article-title":"Epstein\u2013Barr virus (EBV) DNA in sera of patients with primary 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Haematol"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1086\/491740","article-title":"A prospective clinical study of Epstein\u2013Barr virus and host interactions during acute infectious mononucleosis","volume":"192","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref361","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1505","DOI":"10.1086\/491740","article-title":"A prospective clinical study of Epstein\u2013Barr virus and host interactions during acute infectious mononucleosis","volume":"192","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"1279","article-title":"Epstein-Barr virus infectious mononucleosis","volume":"70","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am Fam Physician"},{"key":"ref421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2011.11.010","article-title":"Comparison of six different specimen types for Epstein-Barr viral load quantification in peripheral blood of pediatric patients after heart transplantation or after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation","volume":"53","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"}],"container-title":["Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 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