{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T12:12:30Z","timestamp":1793448750589,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"5","funder":[{"name":"NSW Health","award":["Unassigned"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Unassigned"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The platelet function analyser (PFA) is a prevalent platelet function screening instrument, and comes in two models\u2013the original PFA-100 and the contemporary PFA-200. The instruments have \u2018identical\u2019 output, being a \u2018closure time\u2019 (CT). Moreover, normal reference ranges provided by the manufacturer, for the specific test cartridges, are the same for both models. There are three different types of test cartridge: collagen\/epinephrine (C\/Epi), collagen\/adenosine diphosphate (C\/ADP), and \u201cInnovance PFA P2Y\u201d (only available in certain geographical locations). The PFA-100 was released in the mid 1990s, and so is approaching 50\u00a0years of age. The PFA-200, released in some locations in the mid 2010s, is destined to eventually replace the PFA-100, but is not yet available in the USA. The test system is highly sensitive to von Willebrand disease (VWD; C\/Epi and C\/ADP) and to aspirin therapy (C\/Epi only), but only has moderate sensitivity to defects in platelet function and\/or deficiencies in platelet number. Accordingly, recommendations for use for screening platelet function vary according to user experience. Some workers have alternatively used the PFA to assess thrombosis risk or pre-operative bleeding risk. In this review, we provide an overview of the history of PFA, and summarise its current clinical utility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2022-0666","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]],"date-time":"2022-07-21T02:35:20Z","timestamp":1658370920000},"page":"851-860","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Towards 50 years of platelet function analyser (PFA) testing"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2103-1661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel J.","family":"Favaloro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Haematology , Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research (ICPMR), NSW Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital , Westmead , NSW , Australia"},{"name":"Sydney Centres for Thrombosis and Haemostasis , Westmead , NSW , Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Science and Health , Charles Sturt University , Wagga Wagga , NSW , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8237-6743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonardo","family":"Pasalic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Haematology , Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research (ICPMR), NSW Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital , Westmead , NSW , Australia"},{"name":"Sydney Centres for Thrombosis and Haemostasis , Westmead , NSW , Australia"},{"name":"Westmead Clinical School , University of Sydney , Westmead , NSW , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9523-9054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Lippi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Clinical Biochemistry and School of Medicine , University of Verona , Verona , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023040601553304469_j_cclm-2022-0666_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kundu, S, Sio, R, Mitu, A, Ostgaard, R. Evaluation of platelet function by PFA-100. Clin Chem 1994;40:1827\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/clinchem\/40.9.1827.","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/40.9.1827"},{"key":"2023040601553304469_j_cclm-2022-0666_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kundu, SK, Heilmann, EJ, Sio, R, Garcia, C, Davidson, RM, Ostgaard, RA. Description of an in vitro platelet function analyzer--PFA-100. Semin Thromb Hemost 1995;21:106\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0032-1313612.","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1313612"},{"key":"2023040601553304469_j_cclm-2022-0666_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mammen, EF, Alshameeri, RS, Comp, PC. Preliminary data from a field trial of the PFA-100 system. Semin Thromb Hemost 1995;21:113\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1055\/s-0032-1313613.","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1313613"},{"key":"2023040601553304469_j_cclm-2022-0666_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Van der Planken, MG, Claeys, MJ, Vertessen, FJ, Dilling, D, Bosmans, JM, Berneman, ZN, et al.. Comparison of turbidimetric aggregation and in vitro bleeding time (PFA-100) for monitoring the platelet inhibitory profile of antiplatelet agents in patients undergoing stent implantation. Thromb Res 2003;111:159\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.thromres.2003.09.002.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.thromres.2003.09.002"},{"key":"2023040601553304469_j_cclm-2022-0666_ref_005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Troost, MM, van Genderen, PJ. Excessive prolongation of the Ivy bleeding time after aspirin in essential thrombocythemia is also demonstrable in vitro in the high shear stress system PFA-100. 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