{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T03:52:03Z","timestamp":1782877923577,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2022-1053_abs_001\">\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The determination of assay-dependent upper and lower reference limits (URL, LRL) of free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) during childhood and adolescence, is challenging.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2022-1053_abs_002\">\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Thyroid hormones were measured via the Abbott Alinity system in 502 euthyroid children partitioned in the following age groups:\u00a0\u22642, 2.1\u201310, and 10.1\u201318\u00a0years. The 97.5th and 2.5th percentiles (URL and LRL) were derived according to CLSI EP28- A3c guidelines. Quantile regression models were used to assess: (a) 90% confidence intervals of the URL and LRL, (b)\u00a0the effect of age on URL and LRL within each age class and on overall age range, (c)\u00a0the difference between the URLs and LRLs estimated for each age partition with an estimate of the confidence interval divided by the reference interval being derived (CI\/RI).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2022-1053_abs_003\">\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The CI\/RI for the LRLs are smaller as compared to the URLs, except for FT4 for the 2.1\u201310\u00a0years age group. Considering the CI\/RI and the overlap between CIs across the three age groups, one single LRL might be considered for TSH, FT3 and FT4 between 0 and 18\u00a0years. However, for the URL, there was a noticeable decrease in the URL over the 3 age groups for all three biomarkers, with there being no overlap in CIs for the URL between the\u00a0\u22642 vs. the 10.1\u201319\u00a0years age groups.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2022-1053_abs_004\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A common LRL for TSH, FT4 and FT3 for patients aged\u00a0\u226418\u00a0years may be utilized when these biomarkers are measured with the Alinity system. For the URLs the use of age-specific URLs for these biomarkers is recommended.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2022-1053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T08:24:24Z","timestamp":1674807864000},"page":"1309-1318","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Reference intervals for thyroid biomarkers to enhance the assessment of thyroid status in childhood and adolescence"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Simona","family":"Ferraro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Functional Genomics and Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ester","family":"Luconi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco , \u201cLuigi Sacco\u201d University Hospital, University of Milan , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2137-5974","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeria","family":"Calcaterra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine , University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy"},{"name":"Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children\u2019s Hospital , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Cordaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine , University of Pavia , Pavia , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children\u2019s Hospital , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Cereda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Functional Genomics and Rare Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital , Milan , Italy"},{"name":"Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children\u2019s Hospital , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gianvincenzo","family":"Zuccotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Department, Buzzi Children\u2019s Hospital , Milan , Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Science , University of Milan , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Kavsak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McMaster University , Hamilton , ON , Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0270-1711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Plebani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine-DIMED , University of Padova , Padua , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elia Mario","family":"Biganzoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. 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