{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T20:01:54Z","timestamp":1775851314997,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]],"date-time":"2023-01-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674432000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003243","name":"Ministerstvo Zdravotnictv\u00c3- Cesk\u00c3\u00a9 Republiky","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["MH CZ\u00a0\u2013 DRO (UHHK, 00179906)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MH CZ\u00a0\u2013 DRO (UHHK, 00179906)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003243","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007397","name":"Univerzita Karlova v Praze","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Specific University Research Programme (SVV 260396"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Specific University Research Programme (SVV 260396"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007397","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2022-1128_abs_001\">\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The primary objective was to determine levels of C3-epi-25(OH)D in very low birth weight infants. The secondary objective was to evaluate the possible influence of preterm birth, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and season of birth on the production of C3-epimers.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2022-1128_abs_002\">\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 127 infants with birth weight less than 1,500\u00a0g met\u00a0the inclusion criteria of the study. We examined 25-hydroxyvitamin-D [25(OH)D] levels and C3-epi-25(OH)D in\u00a0maternal serum before labor, and in cord blood and infants\u2019 serum on days 14 and 28, and at discharge.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2022-1128_abs_003\">\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The mean levels (\u00b1SD) of C3-epi-25(OH)D of the cord, on day 14, on day 28, and at discharge were 2.2 (2.9), 7.7 (5.5), 11.7 (7.6) and 14.9 (11.7) nmol\/L respectively. The proportion of total 25(OH)D as the C3-epimer was 6.9% (cord),\u00a016.3% (day 14), 22.4% (day 28) and 23.3% (discharge). A statistically significant correlation between 25(OH)D and\u00a0C3-epi-25(OH)D can be demonstrated from birth. The severity of immaturity and IUGR did not affect the production of C3-epimers. In summer\/autumn vs. winter\/spring, the\u00a0mean (SD) percentage of total 25(OH)D as the C3-epimer significantly differs only in maternal serum samples and umbilical cord samples (p value &lt;0.001).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2022-1128_abs_004\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The production of C3-epi-25(OH)D is functional even in the most immature newborns, has fetal origins, and is largely dependent on circulating 25(OH)D. At the end of the first month of life, C3-epimers make up more than 20% of 25(OH)D.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2022-1128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,20]],"date-time":"2023-01-20T08:15:22Z","timestamp":1674202522000},"page":"1084-1094","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Dynamics of the vitamin D C3-epimer levels in preterm infants"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7359-9670","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomas","family":"Matejek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Hradec Kralove , Charles University in Prague, University Hospital Hradec Kralove , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bara","family":"Zapletalova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Hradec Kralove , Charles University in Prague, University Hospital Hradec Kralove , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Stepan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Hradec Kralove , Charles University in Prague, University Hospital Hradec Kralove , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jana","family":"Malakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine Hradec Kralove , University Hospital Hradec Kralove , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7236-1647","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vladimir","family":"Palicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Biochemistry and Diagnostics, Faculty of Medicine Hradec Kralove , University Hospital Hradec Kralove , Hradec Kralove , Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saraf, R, Morton, SM, Camargo, CAJr, Grant, CC. Global summary of maternal and newborn vitamin D status\u00a0\u2013 a systematic review. Matern Child Nutr 2016;12:647\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/mcn.12210.","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.12210"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matejek, T, Navratilova, M, Zaloudkova, L, Malakova, J, Maly, J, Skalova, S, et al.. Parathyroid hormone \u2013 reference values and association with other bone metabolism markers in very low birth weight infants \u2013 pilot study. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019;32:2860\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14767058.2018.14508582.","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2018.1450858"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matejek, T, Navratilova, M, Zaloudkova, L, Malakova, J, Maly, J, Skalova, S, et al.. Vitamin D status of very low birth weight infants at birth and the effects of generally recommended supplementation on their vitamin D levels at discharge. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2020;33:3784\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/14767058.2019.1586873.","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2019.1586873"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Andersen, LB, J\u00f8rgensen, JS, Jensen, TK, Dalg\u00e5rd, C, Barington, T, Nielsen, J, et al.. Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with increased risk of first-trimester miscarriage in the odense child cohort. Am J Clin Nutr 2015;102:633\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/ajcn.114.103655.","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.114.103655"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Evans, KN, Bulmer, JN, Kilby, MD, Hewison, M. Vitamin D and placental-decidual function. J Soc Gynecol Invest 2004;11:263\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsgi.2004.02.002.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsgi.2004.02.002"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Uriu-Adams, JY, Obican, SG, Keen, CL. Vitamin D and maternal and child health: overview and implications for dietary requirements. Birth Defects Res Part C Embryo Today 2013;99:24\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/bdrc.21031.","DOI":"10.1002\/bdrc.21031"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Clancy, N, Onwuneme, C, Carroll, A, McCarthy, R, McKenna, MJ, Murphy, N, et al.. Vitamin D and neonatal immune function. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2013;26:639\u201346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/14767058.2012.746304.","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2012.746304"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Matejek, T, Zemankova, J, Malakova, J, Cermakova, E, Skalova, S, Palicka, V. Severe vitamin D deficiency in preterm infants: possibly no association with clinical outcomes? J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2022;35:1562\u201370.","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2020.1762560"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Whitehouse, AJ, Holt, BJ, Serralha, M, Holt, PG, Kusel, MM, Hart, PH. Maternal serum vitamin D levels during pregnancy and offspring neurocognitive development. Pediatrics 2012;129:485\u201393. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2011-2644.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2011-2644"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kozgar, SAM, Chay, P, Munns, CF. Screening of vitamin D and calcium concentrations in neonates of mothers at high risk of vitamin D deficiency. BMC Pediatr 2020;20:332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12887-020-02204-8.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12887-020-02204-8"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Munns, CF, Shaw, N, Kiely, M, Specker, BL, Thacher, TD, Ozono, K, et al.. Global consensus recommendations on prevention and management of nutritional rickets. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016;101:394\u2013415. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2015-2175.","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2015-2175"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bailey, D, Veljkovic, K, Yazdanpanah, M, Adeli, K. Analytical measurement and clinical relevance of vitamin D(3) C3-epimer. Clin Biochem 2013;46:190\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2012.10.037.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2012.10.037"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Reddy, GS, Muralidharan, KR, Okamura, WH, Tserng, KY, McLane, JA. Metabolism of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) and its C-3 epimer 1alpha,25-dihydroxy-3-epi-vitamin D(3) in neonatal human keratinocytes. Steroids 2001;66:441\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0039-128x(00)00228-2.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-128X(00)00228-2"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Al-Zohily, B, Al-Menhali, A, Gariballa, S, Haq, A, Shah, I. Epimers of vitamin D: a review. Int J Mol Sci 2020;21:E470. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijms21020470.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21020470"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tuckey, RC, Cheng, CYS, Slominski, AT. The serum vitamin D metabolome: what we know and what is still to discover. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019;186:4\u201321. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2018.09.003.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2018.09.003"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yazdanpanah, M, Bailey, D, Walsh, W, Wan, B, Adeli, K. Analytical measurement of serum 25-OH-vitamin D-, 25-OH-vitamin D- and their C3-epimers by LC-MS\/MS in infant and pediatric specimens. Clin Biochem 2013;46:1264\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2012.11.030.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2012.11.030"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kiely, M, O\u2019Donovan, SM, Kenny, LC, Hourihane, JO, Irvine, AD, Murray, DM. Vitamin D metabolite concentrations in umbilical cord blood serum and associations with clinical characteristics in a large prospective mother-infant cohort in Ireland. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2017;167:162\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2016.12.006.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2016.12.006"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van den Ouweland, JM, Beijers, AM, Demacker, PN, van Daal, H. Measurement of 25-OH-vitamin D in human serum using liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry with comparison to radioimmunoassay and automated immunoassay. J Chromatogr B Anal Technol Biomed Life Sci 2010;878:1163\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchromb.2010.03.035.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2010.03.035"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vierucci, F, Fusani, L, Saba, A, Minucciani, T, Belluomini, MP, Domenici, R, et al.. Gestational vitamin D(3) supplementation and sun exposure significantly influence cord blood vitamin D status and 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) levels in term newborns. Clin Chim Acta 2022;524:59\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cca.2021.11.022.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2021.11.022"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gallo, S, Comeau, K, Agellon, S, Vanstone, C, Sharma, A, Jones, G, et al.. Methodological issues in assessing plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in newborn infants. Bone 2014;61:186\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bone.2014.01.012.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bone.2014.01.012"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Singh, RJ, Taylor, RL, Reddy, GS, Grebe, SK. C-3 epimers can account for a significant proportion of total circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D in\u00a0infants, complicating accurate measurement and interpretation\u00a0of\u00a0vitamin D status. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2006;91:3055\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/jc.2006-0710.","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0710"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Volmer, DA, Mendes, LR, Stokes, CS. Analysis of vitamin D metabolic markers by mass spectrometry: current techniques, limitations of the \u201cgold standard\u201d method, and anticipated future directions. Mass Spectrom Rev 2015;34:2\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/mas.21408.","DOI":"10.1002\/mas.21408"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jenkinson, C, Desai, R, Slominski, AT, Tuckey, RC, Hewison, M, Handelsman, DJ. Simultaneous measurement of 13 circulating vitamin D3 and D2 mono and dihydroxy metabolites using liquid chromatography mass0020spectrometry. Clin Chem Lab Med 2021;59:1642\u201352. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/cclm-2021-0441.","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2021-0441"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bogusz, MJ, Al Enazi, E, Tahtamoni, M, Jawaad, JA, Al Tufail, M. Determination of serum vitamins 25-OH-D2 and 25-OH-D3 with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry using atmospheric pressure chemical ionization or electrospray source and core-shell or sub-2\u00a0\u03bcm particle columns: a comparative study. Clin Biochem 2011;44:1329\u201337. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2011.08.1134.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2011.08.1134"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_025","unstructured":"Craig, A, David, B, Anders, F. Fast and accurate analysis of vitamin D metabolites using ascentis\u00ae express F5 HPLC columns. Reporter 2011;47:3\u20134."},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hay, W, Thureen, P. Neonatal nutrition and metabolism. Cambridge UK: Cambridge University Press; 2006.","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511544712"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Agostoni, C, Buonocore, G, Carnielli, VP, De Curtis, M, Darmaun, D, Decsi, T, et al.. Enteral nutrient supply for preterm infants: commentary from the European society of paediatric gastroenterology, hepatology and nutrition committee on nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2010;50:85\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/mpg.0b013e3181adaee0.","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e3181adaee0"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Abrams, SA, Committee on Nutrition. Calcium and vitamin d requirements of enterally fed preterm infants. Pediatrics 2013;131:e1676\u201383. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2013-0420.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-0420"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Braegger, C, Campoy, C, Colomb, V, Decsi, T, Domellof, M, Fewtrell, M, et al.. Vitamin D in the healthy European paediatric population. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2013;56:692\u2013701. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/mpg.0b013e31828f3c05.","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0b013e31828f3c05"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Misra, M, Pacaud, D, Petryk, A, Collett-Solberg, PF, Kappy, M, Drug and Therapeutics Committee of the Lawson Wilkins Pediatric Endocrine Society. Vitamin D deficiency in children and its management: review of current knowledge and recommendations. Pediatrics 2008;122:398\u2013417. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1542\/peds.2007-1894.","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-1894"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saggese, G, Vierucci, F, Prodam, F, Cardinale, F, Cetin, I, Chiappini, E, et al.. Vitamin D in pediatric age: consensus of the Italian pediatric society and the Italian society of preventive and social pediatrics, jointly with the Italian federation of pediatricians. Ital J Pediatr 2018;44:51. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13052-018-0488-7.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-018-0488-7"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grossman, Z, Hadjipanayis, A, Stiris, T, Del Torso, S, Mercier, JC, Valiulis, A, et al.. Vitamin D in European children-statement from the European academy of paediatrics (EAP). Eur J Pediatr 2017;176:829\u201331. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00431-017-2903-2.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-017-2903-2"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Figueras-Aloy, J, Alvarez-Dominguez, E, Perez-Fernandez, JM, Moretones-Sunol, G, Vidal-Sicart, S, Botet-Mussons, F. Metabolic bone disease and bone mineral density in very preterm infants. J Pediatr 2014;164:499\u2013504. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.10.089.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.10.089"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bailey, D, Perumal, N, Yazdanpanah, M, Al Mahmud, A, Baqui, AH, Adeli, K, et al.. Maternal-fetal-infant dynamics of the C3-epimer of 25-hydroxyvitamin D. Clin Biochem 2014;47:816\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2014.01.015.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2014.01.015"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hanson, C, Anderson-Berry, A, Lyden, E, Kaufmann, M, Wu, A, Elliott, E, et al.. Dynamics of vitamin D metabolism in maternal-fetal dyads. J\u00a0Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2016;62:486\u201390. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/mpg.0000000000001001.","DOI":"10.1097\/MPG.0000000000001001"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hanson, C, Jones, G, Lyden, E, Kaufmann, M, Armas, L, Anderson-Berry, A. Vitamin D metabolism in the premature newborn: a randomized trial. Clin Nutr 2016;35:835\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clnu.2015.07.023.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2015.07.023"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fatani, T, Binjab, A, Weiler, H, Sharma, A, Rodd, C. Persistent elevation of fibroblast growth factor 23 concentrations in healthy appropriate-for-gestational-age preterm infants. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2015;28:825\u201332. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jpem-2014-0186.","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2014-0186"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ooms, N, van Daal, H, Beijers, AM, Gerrits, GP, Semmekrot, BA, van den Ouweland, JM. Time-course analysis of 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D3 shows markedly elevated levels in early life, particularly from vitamin D supplementation in preterm infants. Pediatr Res 2016;79:647\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/pr.2015.251.","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2015.251"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mydtskov, ND, Lykkedegn, S, Fruekilde, PBN, Nielsen, J, Barington, T, Christesen, HT. S-25-hydroxyvitamin D and C3-epimers in pregnancy and infancy: an odense child cohort study. Clin Biochem 2017;50:988\u201396. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.07.001.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinbiochem.2017.07.001"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kmie\u0107, P, Minkiewicz, I, Rola, R, Sworczak, K, \u017bmijewski, MA, Kowalski, K. Vitamin D status including 3-epi-25(OH)D3 among adult patients with thyroid disorders during summer months. Endokrynol Pol 2018;69:653\u201360. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5603\/EP.a2018.0065.","DOI":"10.5603\/EP.a2018.0065"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stokes, CS, Volmer, DA. Assessment of 3-epi-25-hydroxyvitamin D levels during cholecalciferol supplementation in adults with\u00a0chronic\u00a0liver diseases. Appl Physiol Nutr Metabol 2016;41:1311\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139\/apnm-2016-0196.","DOI":"10.1139\/apnm-2016-0196"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Djekic-Ivankovic, M, Lavery, P, Agellon, S, Weiler, HA. The C-3\u03b1 epimer of 25-hydroxycholecalciferol from endogenous and exogenous sources supports normal growth and bone mineral density in weanling rats. J Nutr 2017;147:141\u201351. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3945\/jn.116.231753.","DOI":"10.3945\/jn.116.231753"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giuliani, S, Barbieri, V, Di Pierro, AM, Rossi, F, Widmann, T, Lucchiari, M, et al.. LC-MS\/MS based 25(OH)D status in a large Southern European outpatient cohort: gender- and age-specific differences. Eur J Nutr 2019;58:2511\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00394-018-1803-1.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-018-1803-1"},{"key":"2023042108131332064_j_cclm-2022-1128_ref_044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ghaly, S, Bliuc, D, Center, JR, Clarke, MW, Jones, AP, Trend, S, et al.. Vitamin D C3-epimer levels are proportionally higher with oral vitamin D supplementation compared to ultraviolet irradiation of skin in mice but not humans. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019;186:110\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2018.10.002.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2018.10.002"}],"container-title":["Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/cclm-2022-1128\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/cclm-2022-1128\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]],"date-time":"2023-04-21T08:23:12Z","timestamp":1682065392000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/cclm-2022-1128\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1515\/cclm-2022-1128"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/cclm-2022-1128","relation":{},"ISSN":["1434-6621","1437-4331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1434-6621","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-4331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,23]]}}}