{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T17:43:04Z","timestamp":1791654184325,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]],"date-time":"2024-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718755200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2024-0391_abs_001\">\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The role of vitamin D deficiency in cardiovascular disease (CVD) is controversial. Inherent biological and analytical limitations compromise the specificity of widely used 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] cut-offs. Simultaneous determination of 25(OH)D and 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D [24,25(OH)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>D] permits a functional assessment of vitamin D metabolism. The present study compared the associations of functional vitamin D deficiency and low vitamin D reservoirs with CVD mortality and CVD burden.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2024-0391_abs_002\">\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>25(OH)D, 24,25(OH)<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>D, the degree of coronary obstruction on angiography, high-sensitive cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT), N-terminal brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), and 10-year CVD mortality were obtained from 2,456 participants of the LURIC (Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health) study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2024-0391_abs_003\">\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Neither low 25(OH)D concentrations nor functional vitamin D deficiency were associated with the number of atherosclerotic coronary arteries or the degree of coronary obstruction. Over a median follow-up of 9.9 years, 454 participants died (23.6\u202f%) due to CVD. CVD mortality was doubled in individuals with 25(OH)D concentrations below the widely used cut-off for deficiency of &lt;50\u202fnmol\/L [20\u202fng\/mL] (21.6 vs. 11.5\u202f%). In individuals with and without functional vitamin D deficiency, CVD mortality was 25.0 and 16.7\u202f%, respectively. NT-proBNP and heart failure prevalence were also higher in vitamin D deficient individuals.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2024-0391_abs_004\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Vitamin D deficient individuals have markedly higher CVD mortality, but only marginally higher hs-cTnT concentrations. A higher prevalence of heart failure and higher NT-proBNP concentrations suggest a link between vitamin D deficiency and cardiac function. The traditional and metabolic assessment of vitamin D status showed comparable associations for the different parameters of cardiac health.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2024-0391","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]],"date-time":"2024-06-19T01:50:48Z","timestamp":1718761848000},"page":"208-219","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The role of functional vitamin D deficiency and low vitamin D reservoirs in relation to cardiovascular health and mortality"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"63","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3559-9899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Markus","family":"Herrmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics , Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3448-3349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin H.","family":"Keppel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics , Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sieglinde","family":"Zelzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics , Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nerea","family":"Alonso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics , Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0947-2226","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Etienne","family":"Cavalier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Chemistry , University of Liege , Liege , Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0663-7275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcus","family":"Kleber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine 5 (Nephrology, Hypertensiology, Endocrinology, Diabetology, Rheumatology), Mannheim Medical Faculty , University of Heidelberg , Mannheim , Germany"},{"name":"Synlab Human Genetics Laboratory , Synlab AG , Mannheim , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1173-0928","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dietmar","family":"Enko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics , Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hubert","family":"Scharnagl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics , Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7959-1311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefan","family":"Pilz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine , Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Winfried","family":"M\u00e4rz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Institute of Medical and Chemical Laboratory Diagnostics , Medical University of Graz , Graz , Austria"},{"name":"Synlab Human Genetics Laboratory , Synlab AG , Mannheim , Germany"},{"name":"Synlab Academy, Synlab Holding Germany GmbH , Mannheim , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giuliani, S, Barbieri, V, Di Pierro, AM, Rossi, F, Widmann, T, Lucchiari, M, et al.. LC-MS\/MS based 25(OH)D status in a large Southern European outpatient cohort: gender- and age-specific differences. Eur J Nutr 2019;58:2511\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00394-018-1803-1.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-018-1803-1"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jolin Howland, BK. Calcium and phosphorus in the serum in relation rickets. AMA J Dis Child 1921;22:15.","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1921.04120020002001"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Simmonds, N, Becker, J, Shipley, P. Studies on experimental rickets: Xxi. An experimental demonstration of the existence of a vitamin which promotes calcium deposition. JBC 1922;53:293\u2013312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0021-9258(18)85783-0.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)85783-0"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alonso, N, Zelzer, S, Eibinger, G, Herrmann, M. Vitamin D metabolites: analytical challenges and clinical relevance. Calcif Tissue Int 2023;112:158\u201377. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00223-022-00961-5.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00223-022-00961-5"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Priemel, M, von Domarus, C, Klatte, TO, Kessler, S, Schlie, J, Meier, S, et al.. Bone mineralization defects and vitamin D deficiency: histomorphometric analysis of iliac crest bone biopsies and circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D in 675 patients. J Bone Miner Res 2010;25:305\u201312. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1359\/jbmr.090728.","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.090728"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Christakos, S, Dhawan, P, Verstuyf, A, Verlinden, L, Carmeliet, G. Vitamin D: metabolism, molecular mechanism of action, and pleiotropic effects. Physiol Rev 2016;96:365\u2013408. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/physrev.00014.2015.","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00014.2015"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Muscogiuri, G, Tirabassi, G, Bizzaro, G, Orio, F, Paschou, SA, Vryonidou, A, et al.. Vitamin D and thyroid disease: to D or not to D? Eur J Clin Nutr 2015;69:291\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/ejcn.2014.265.","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2014.265"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cosentino, N, Campodonico, J, Milazzo, V, De Metrio, M, Brambilla, M, Camera, M, et al.. Vitamin D and cardiovascular disease: current evidence and future perspectives. Nutrients 2021;13. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13103603.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13103603"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Janjusevic, M, Gagno, G, Fluca, AL, Padoan, L, Beltrami, AP, Sinagra, G, et al.. The peculiar role of vitamin D in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Life Sci 2022;289:120193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.lfs.2021.120193.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lfs.2021.120193"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Amrein, K, Scherkl, M, Hoffmann, M, Neuwersch-Sommeregger, S, K\u00f6stenberger, M, Tmava Berisha, A, et al.. Vitamin D deficiency 2.0: an update on the current status worldwide. Eur J Clin Nutr 2020;74:1498\u2013513. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41430-020-0558-y.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430-020-0558-y"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Altieri, B, Cavalier, E, Bhattoa, HP, P\u00e9rez-L\u00f3pez, FR, L\u00f3pez-Baena, MT, P\u00e9rez-Roncero, GR, et al.. Vitamin D testing: advantages and limits of the current assays. Eur J Clin Nutr 2020;74:231\u201347. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41430-019-0553-3.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41430-019-0553-3"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zittermann, A, Pilz, S. Vitamin D and cardiovascular disease: an update. Anticancer Res 2019;39:4627\u201335. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21873\/anticanres.13643.","DOI":"10.21873\/anticanres.13643"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Herrmann, M, Zelzer, S, Cavalier, E, Kleber, M, Drexler-Helmberg, C, Schlenke, P, et al.. Functional assessment of vitamin D status by a novel metabolic approach: the low vitamin D profile concept. Clin Chem 2023;69:1307\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/clinchem\/hvad151.","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/hvad151"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gholami, F, Moradi, G, Zareei, B, Rasouli, MA, Nikkhoo, B, Roshani, D, et al.. The association between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D and cardiovascular diseases: a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2019;19:248. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12872-019-1236-7.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12872-019-1236-7"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, P, Guo, D, Xu, B, Huang, C, Yang, S, Wang, W, et al.. Association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D with cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality in individuals with prediabetes and diabetes: results from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study. Diabetes Care 2022;45:1219\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc21-2193.","DOI":"10.2337\/dc21-2193"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mason, RS, Rybchyn, MS, Abboud, M, Brennan-Speranza, TC, Fraser, DR. The role of skeletal muscle in maintaining vitamin D status in winter. Curr Dev Nutr 2019;3:nzz087. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/cdn\/nzz087.","DOI":"10.1093\/cdn\/nzz087"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Scragg, R, Stewart, AW, Waayer, D, Lawes, CMM, Toop, L, Sluyter, J, et al.. Effect of monthly high-dose vitamin D supplementation on cardiovascular disease in the vitamin D assessment study : a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Cardiol 2017;2:608\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jamacardio.2017.0175.","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2017.0175"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bouillon, R, LeBoff, MS, Neale, RE. Health effects of vitamin D supplementation: lessons learned from randomized controlled trials and mendelian randomization studies. J Bone Miner Res 2023;38:1391\u2013403. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbmr.4888.","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.4888"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Winkelmann, BR, M\u00e4rz, W, Boehm, BO, Zotz, R, Hager, J, Hellstern, P, et al.. Rationale and design of the LURIC study--a resource for functional genomics, pharmacogenomics and long-term prognosis of cardiovascular disease. Pharmacogenomics 2001;2:S1\u201373. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1517\/14622416.2.1.s1.","DOI":"10.1517\/14622416.2.1.S1"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gaksch, M, Jorde, R, Grimnes, G, Joakimsen, R, Schirmer, H, Wilsgaard, T, et al.. Vitamin D and mortality: individual participant data meta-analysis of standardized 25-hydroxyvitamin D in 26916 individuals from a European consortium. PLoS One 2017;12:e0170791. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371\/journal.pone.0170791.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0170791"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zelzer, S, Meinitzer, A, Enko, D, Simstich, S, Le Goff, C, Cavalier, E, et al.. Simultaneous determination of 24,25- and 25,26-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in serum samples with liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry - a useful tool for the assessment of vitamin D metabolism. J Chromatogr, B: Anal Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020;1158:122394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jchromb.2020.122394.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jchromb.2020.122394"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zelzer, S, Le Goff, C, Peeters, S, Calaprice, C, Meinitzer, A, Enko, D, et al.. Comparison of two LC-MS\/MS methods for the quantification of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in patients and external quality assurance samples. Clin Chem Lab Med 2022;60:74\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/cclm-2021-0792.","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2021-0792"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Carter, GD, Ahmed, F, Berry, J, Cavalier, E, Durazo-Arvizu, R, Gunter, E, et al.. External quality assessment of 24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019;187:130\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2018.11.010.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2018.11.010"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Binkley, N, Sempos, CT. VDSP) VDSP. Standardizing vitamin D assays: the way forward. J Bone Miner Res 2014;29:1709\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbmr.2252.","DOI":"10.1002\/jbmr.2252"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zelzer, S, Hofer, E, Meinitzer, A, Fritz-Petrin, E, Simstich, S, Goessler, W, et al.. Association of vitamin D metabolites with cognitive function and brain atrophy in elderly individuals - the Austrian stroke prevention study. Aging 2021;13:9455\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/aging.202930.","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.202930"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_026","unstructured":"Friesinger, GC, Page, EE, Ross, RS. Prognostic significance of coronary arteriography. Trans Assoc Am Phys 1970;83:78\u201392."},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gensini, GG. A more meaningful scoring system for determining the severity of coronary heart disease. Am J Cardiol 1983;51:606. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0002-9149(83)80105-2.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(83)80105-2"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rampidis, GP, Benetos, G, Benz, DC, Giannopoulos, AA, Buechel, RR. A guide for Gensini Score calculation. Atherosclerosis 2019;287:181\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2019.05.012.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2019.05.012"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koller, L, Kleber, ME, Brandenburg, VM, Goliasch, G, Richter, B, Sulzgruber, P, et al.. Fibroblast growth factor 23 is an independent and specific predictor of mortality in patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. Circ Heart Fail 2015;8:1059\u201367. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circheartfailure.115.002341.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.115.002341"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ElSayed, NA, Aleppo, G, Aroda, VR, Bannuru, RR, Brown, FM, Bruemmer, D, et al.. 2. Classification and diagnosis of diabetes: Standards of care in diabetes-2023. Diabetes Care 2023;46:1715. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc23-s002.","DOI":"10.2337\/dc23-S002"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"deFilippi, CR, de Lemos, JA, Christenson, RH, Gottdiener, JS, Kop, WJ, Zhan, M, et al.. Association of serial measures of cardiac troponin T using a sensitive assay with incident heart failure and cardiovascular mortality in older adults. JAMA 2010;304:2494\u2013502. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2010.1708.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2010.1708"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saunders, JT, Nambi, V, de Lemos, JA, Chambless, LE, Virani, SS, Boerwinkle, E, et al.. Cardiac troponin T measured by a highly sensitive assay predicts coronary heart disease, heart failure, and mortality in the atherosclerosis risk in communities study. Circulation 2011;123:1367\u201376. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/circulationaha.110.005264.","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.005264"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Michos, ED, Selvin, E, Misialek, JR, McEvoy, JW, Ndumele, CE, Folsom, AR, et al.. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D levels and markers of subclinical myocardial damage and wall stress: the atherosclerosis risk in Communities study. J Am Heart Assoc 2016;5. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.116.003575.","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.003575"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van Ballegooijen, AJ, Visser, M, Kestenbaum, B, Siscovick, DS, de Boer, IH, Gottdiener, JS, et al.. Relation of vitamin D and parathyroid hormone to cardiac biomarkers and to left ventricular mass (from the cardiovascular health study). Am J Cardiol 2013;111:418\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amjcard.2012.10.021.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjcard.2012.10.021"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Liew, JY, Sasha, SR, Ngu, PJ, Warren, JL, Wark, J, Dart, AM, et al.. Circulating vitamin D levels are associated with the presence and severity of coronary artery disease but not peripheral arterial disease in patients undergoing coronary angiography. Nutr Metabol Cardiovasc Dis 2015;25:274\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.numecd.2014.12.005.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.numecd.2014.12.005"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_035","unstructured":"Teng, Z, Wei, M. Correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and coronary heart disease. Am J Transl Res 2021;13:8379\u201384."},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oz, F, Cizgici, AY, Oflaz, H, Elitok, A, Karaayvaz, EB, Mercanoglu, F, et al.. Impact of vitamin D insufficiency on the epicardial coronary flow velocity and endothelial function. Coron Artery Dis 2013;24:392\u20137. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/mca.0b013e328362b2c8.","DOI":"10.1097\/MCA.0b013e328362b2c8"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nolte, K, Herrmann-Lingen, C, Platschek, L, Holzendorf, V, Pilz, S, Tomaschitz, A, et al.. Vitamin D deficiency in patients with diastolic dysfunction or heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. ESC Heart Fail 2019;6:262\u201370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ehf2.12413.","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.12413"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fall, T, Shiue, I, Berge\u00e5 af Geijerstam, P, Sundstr\u00f6m, J, \u00c4rnl\u00f6v, J, Larsson, A, et al.. Relations of circulating vitamin D concentrations with left ventricular geometry and function. Eur J Heart Fail 2012;14:985\u201391. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfs091.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjhf\/hfs091"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pandit, A, Mookadam, F, Boddu, S, Aryal Pandit, A, Tandar, A, Chaliki, H, et al.. Vitamin D levels and left ventricular diastolic function. Open Heart 2014;1:e000011. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/openhrt-2013-000011.","DOI":"10.1136\/openhrt-2013-000011"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chandra, A, Picard, MH, Huang, S, Gupta, DK, Agusala, K, Buring, JE, et al.. Impact of vitamin D3 versus placebo on cardiac structure and function: a randomized clinical trial. J Am Heart Assoc 2022;11:e025008. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1161\/jaha.121.025008.","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.121.025008"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gnudi, L, Fountoulakis, N, Panagiotou, A, Corcillo, A, Maltese, G, Rife, MF, et al.. Effect of active vitamin-D on left ventricular mass index: results of a randomized controlled trial in type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Am Heart J 2023;261:1\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ahj.2023.03.003.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2023.03.003"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schroten, NF, Ruifrok, WP, Kleijn, L, Dokter, MM, Sillj\u00e9, HH, Lambers Heerspink, HJ, et al.. Short-term vitamin D3 supplementation lowers plasma renin activity in patients with stable chronic heart failure: an open-label, blinded end point, randomized prospective trial (VitD-CHF trial). Am Heart J 2013;166:357\u201364.e2. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ahj.2013.05.009.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2013.05.009"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Philouze, C, Martin, JC, Riva, C, Marziou, A, Defoort, C, Couturier, C, et al.. Vitamin D. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2022;36:245\u201356. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10557-021-07143-9.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10557-021-07143-9"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Panizo, S, Barrio-V\u00e1zquez, S, Naves-D\u00edaz, M, Carrillo-L\u00f3pez, N, Rodr\u00edguez, I, Fern\u00e1ndez-V\u00e1zquez, A, et al.. Vitamin D receptor activation, left ventricular hypertrophy and myocardial fibrosis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2013;28:2735\u201344. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ndt\/gft268.","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gft268"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang, WL, Gu, HB, Zhang, YF, Xia, QQ, Qi, J, Chen, JC. Vitamin D supplementation in the treatment of chronic heart failure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Cardiol 2016;39:56\u201361. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/clc.22473.","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.22473"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Busa, V, Dardeir, A, Marudhai, S, Patel, M, Valaiyaduppu, SS, Ghani, MR, et al.. Role of vitamin D supplementation in heart failure patients with vitamin D deficiency and its effects on clinical outcomes: a literature review. Cureus 2020;12:e10840. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.10840.","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.10840"},{"key":"2025041507391751879_j_cclm-2024-0391_ref_047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thomas, GN, \u00f3 Hartaigh, B, Bosch, JA, Pilz, S, Loerbroks, A, Kleber, ME, et al.. Vitamin D levels predict all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality in subjects with the metabolic syndrome: the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) Study. Diabetes Care 2012;35:1158\u201364. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/dc11-1714.","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-1714"}],"container-title":["Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/cclm-2024-0391\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/cclm-2024-0391\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,15]],"date-time":"2025-04-15T07:39:39Z","timestamp":1744702779000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/cclm-2024-0391\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]]},"references-count":48,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,29]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1515\/cclm-2024-0391"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/cclm-2024-0391","relation":{},"ISSN":["1434-6621","1437-4331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1434-6621","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-4331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]]}}}