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In this document we review the screening programs currently existing in Italy with particular emphasis on newborn screening, which in other countries around the world, including within Europe, is at\u00a0most universal and mandatory. The essential laboratory issues are reviewed, from sampling aspects (cord blood or peripheral), to the analytical (analytical methods dedicated to neonatal screening and adult carrier detection) and post analytical (reporting, informative) ones. An economic analysis based on data collected in the province of Modena is\u00a0also proposed, clearly showing that neonatal screening is also beneficial from an economic point of view.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2024-0478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,18]],"date-time":"2024-06-18T11:00:41Z","timestamp":1718708441000},"page":"1804-1813","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Screening for sickle cell disease: focus on newborn investigations"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Mosca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation , Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Paleari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation , Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Palazzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Unit , Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico , Modena , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessia","family":"Pancaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Unit , Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico , Modena , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Iughetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Unit , Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico , Modena , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donatella","family":"Venturelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine , Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Policlinico , Modena , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Rolla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Chemistry Laboratory , A.O.U. \u201cMaggiore della carit\u00e0\u201d, Universit\u00e0 del Piemonte Orientale , Novara , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enza","family":"Pavanello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine , Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Citt\u00e0 della Salute e della Scienza , Torino , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0958-5354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferruccio","family":"Ceriotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, SC Patologia Clinica , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-3910-2617","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimiliano","family":"Ammirabile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fondazione IRCCS Ca\u2019 Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, SC Patologia Clinica , Milan , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Capri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Economics and Management , Cattaneo-LIUC University , Varese , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Piga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences , Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Torino , Torino , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Ivaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Formerly Laboratorio di Genetica Umana , Ospedali Galliera , Genova , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024081908452359984_j_cclm-2024-0478_ref_001","unstructured":"Lehmann, H, Huntsman, RG. 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