{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T17:50:36Z","timestamp":1793728236278,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"10","funder":[{"name":"CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences","award":["2019-I2M-5-027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019-I2M-5-027"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2025-0268_abs_001\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Atypical or malignant urothelial cells may be identified with a research parameter of atypical cells (Atyp.C) using a fully automated urine particle analyzer in routine urinalysis. This study aimed to determine whether Atyp.C can serve as an effective screening tool for female bladder cancer (BC) and to observe the impact of pyuria and bacteriuria on Atyp.C concentrations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2025-0268_abs_002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients were classified into six groups: primary BC, recurrent BC, post-treatment monitoring of BC, other urological tumors, pyuria and bacteriuria, and controls. Atyp.C concentrations were compared across these groups, and its diagnostic performance for BC or pyuria and bacteriuria was analyzed. Logistic regression determined whether Atyp.C was an independent risk factor for BC or pyuria and bacteriuria. Subsequently, key factors contributing to abnormal Atyp.C elevations were investigated.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2025-0268_abs_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The median Atyp.C concentrations were significantly elevated in both primary (2.9\/\u00b5L) and recurrent BC cases (4.0\/\u00b5L) compared to patients with pyuria and bacteriuria (2.0\/\u00b5L) and controls (1.7\/\u00b5L) (p&lt;0.01). Diagnostic performance of Atyp.C to detect primary female BC reached an area under curve of 0.818 when combined with age and urine conductivity. Multivariate analysis confirmed Atyp.C as an independent risk factor for BC in women. Falsely increased Atyp.C concentrations were caused by WBC clumps, clue cells covered by bacteria, and macrophages.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2025-0268_abs_004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Atyp.C did not reach sufficient specificity for screening of BC in women with existing pyuria or bacteriuria. WBC clumps, macrophages and clue cells contributed to falsely positive Atyp.C counts.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2025-0268","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T11:19:51Z","timestamp":1750159191000},"page":"2085-2092","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Assessment of atypical cells in detecting bladder cancer in female patients"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Yan","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine , 159407 The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , Liaoning , P.R. China"},{"name":"Research Unit of Medical Laboratory , Chinese Academy of Medical Science , Beijing , P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enhao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine , Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital and Institute , Shenyang , Liaoning , P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yinling","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine , 159407 The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , Liaoning , P.R. China"},{"name":"Research Unit of Medical Laboratory , Chinese Academy of Medical Science , Beijing , P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jun","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine , 159407 The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , Liaoning , P.R. China"},{"name":"Research Unit of Medical Laboratory , Chinese Academy of Medical Science , Beijing , P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danning","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine , 159407 The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , Liaoning , P.R. China"},{"name":"Research Unit of Medical Laboratory , Chinese Academy of Medical Science , Beijing , P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Hong Luan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine , 159407 The First Hospital of China Medical University , Shenyang , Liaoning , P.R. China"},{"name":"Research Unit of Medical Laboratory , Chinese Academy of Medical Science , Beijing , P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026022607560742845_j_cclm-2025-0268_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bray, F, Laversanne, M, Sung, H, Ferlay, J, Siegel, RL, Soerjomataram, I, et al.. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. 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