{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T15:31:27Z","timestamp":1789486287656,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"9","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013290","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020YFA0804500\/2020YFA0804501"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020YFA0804500\/2020YFA0804501"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013290","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005089","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["L256022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["L256022"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005089","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2025-1694_abs_001\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to compare the analytical and clinical performance of plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) across three immunoassay platforms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2025-1694_abs_002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Plasma GFAP was measured on three immunoassay platforms (Simoa HD-X, Maccura i1000, MS-Fast Pro 160) in 302 participants from the Peking Union Medical College Hospital dementia cohort (139 Alzheimer\u2019s disease dementia [ADD], 116\u00a0non-AD dementia [NADD]). Inter-platform agreement was assessed using Passing\u2013Bablok regression, Bland\u2013Altman analysis, and Spearman correlation. ROC analyses and multimarker models on the Simoa platform were used to evaluate GFAP, NfL, a core plasma panel (A\u03b21-42, p-tau181, p-tau217), and their combinations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2025-1694_abs_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Plasma GFAP levels were significantly higher in ADD than in NADD across all three platforms. Inter-platform correlations were strong (Spearman\u2019s r=0.874\u20130.932), but Passing\u2013Bablok regression showed substantial proportional bias and systematically higher concentrations on the Simoa platform. ROC-based discrimination between ADD and NADD was comparable across platforms (AUC 0.732\u20130.740), whereas assay-specific optimal cut-offs differed markedly. On the Simoa platform, GFAP alone achieved an AUC of 0.731. The core plasma panel (A\u03b21-42, p-tau181, p-tau217) achieved an AUC of 0.898, which increased to 0.924 after adding GFAP and NfL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2025-1694_abs_004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides a comparison of plasma GFAP measurements across three immunoassay platforms, revealing strong correlations but substantial differences in absolute values and decision cut-offs. The clinical analyses show that similar discriminative performance can coexist with markedly different platform-specific cut-offs, underscoring the need for platform-specific cut-offs and further harmonization of GFAP measurements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2025-1694","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T22:44:32Z","timestamp":1775083472000},"page":"2007-2017","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparison of the analytical and clinical performance of three immunoassay platforms for plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein in Alzheimer\u2019s disease"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Yifei","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine , 12501 Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoli","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine , 12501 Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yutong","family":"Zou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory , Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences , Jinan , Shandong , P.R. China"},{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine , 12501 Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology , Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Translational Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases , Beijing , P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology , Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Translational Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases , Beijing , P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenhui","family":"Mao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology , Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Translational Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases , Beijing , P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songlin","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine , 12501 Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology , Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College Hospital Translational Medical Center, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases , Beijing , P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine , 12501 Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , P.R. China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases , Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences , Beijing , P.R. 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