{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T18:25:00Z","timestamp":1787855100306,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2026-0108_abs_001\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Quantitation of plasma vitamins A and E is essential for assessing nutritional status. Traditional methods typically involve liquid-liquid extraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection (HPLC-UV). In this study, we evaluated an automated sample extraction-method paired with liquid chromatography-single quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS) as an alternative analytical approach.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2026-0108_abs_002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Plasma samples were extracted using Oasis PRiME HLB \u00b5Elution Plates automated on a Tecan Liquid-Handling Platform and analysed using LC-MS. Injection-to-injection time was 5-min. Method performance was assessed by comparison with the Chromsystems\u2122 Vitamin A and E HPLC-UV Kit, using patient specimens (n=70), ClinChek\n                      <jats:sup>\u00ae<\/jats:sup>\n                      Controls, and external quality assessment (EQA) materials.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2026-0108_abs_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The developed method demonstrated acceptable inter-assay imprecision (CV\u22645\u202f%). The bias compared to the HPLC-UV method for vitamin A was 5.67\u202f% and\u00a0\u22120.15\u202f% for vitamin E. Good agreement was observed for both vitamins (concordance correlation coefficients (CCC) &gt;0.950). The assay was linear up to 12\u202f\u03bcmol\/L for vitamin A and 125\u202f\u03bcmol\/L for vitamin E. Using EQA materials, the mean bias for both analytes was &lt;4\u202f%. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 0.16\u202f\u03bcmol\/L for vitamin A and 0.47\u202f\u03bcmol\/L for vitamin E. Extracts stored at 4\u202f\u00b0C and\u00a0\u221220\u202f\u00b0C were stable for 5 and 14\u00a0days, respectively. The analytical column demonstrated good retention time stability (&lt;3.0\u202f% change for both analytes) and was suitable for &gt;1,500 injections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_cclm-2026-0108_abs_004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This method demonstrated robust analytical performance and good agreement with HPLC-UV. Our approach confers practical advantages over a manual based extraction and HPLC-UV analysis including analytical selectivity and workflow time efficiency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2026-0108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T05:58:03Z","timestamp":1783663083000},"page":"2234-2245","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical validation of an automated extraction protocol and liquid chromatography single quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method for plasma vitamins A and E analysis"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Rowan","family":"Hellier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry , Immunology and Toxicology, University Hospital of Wales , Cardiff , Wales , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lesley","family":"Heirene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry , Immunology and Toxicology, University Hospital of Wales , Cardiff , Wales , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stuart J.","family":"Moat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry , Immunology and Toxicology, University Hospital of Wales , Cardiff , Wales , UK"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Cardiff University , Cardiff , Wales , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026082718023510606_j_cclm-2026-0108_ref_001","unstructured":"Greaves, RF, Woollard, GA, Hoad, KE, Walmsley, TA, Johnson, LA, Briscoe, S, et al.. Laboratory medicine best practice guideline: Vitamin A, E and the carotenoids in blood. Clin Biochem Rev 2014;35:81\u2013113."},{"key":"2026082718023510606_j_cclm-2026-0108_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thurnham, DI, Smith, E, Flora, PS. Concurrent liquid-chromatographic assay of retinol, alpha-tocopherol, beta-carotene, alpha-carotene, lycopene, and beta-cryptoxanthin in plasma, with tocopherol acetate as internal standard. Clin Chem 1988;34:377\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/clinchem\/34.2.377.","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/34.2.377"},{"key":"2026082718023510606_j_cclm-2026-0108_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zaman, Z, Fielden, P, Frost, PG. Simultaneous determination of vitamins A and E and carotenoids in plasma by reversed-phase HPLC in elderly and younger subjects. 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Consolidation of vitamin A and E methods onto a multiplexing liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry platform simplifies laboratory workflow. Clin Chim Acta 2020;505:31\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cca.2020.02.020.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2020.02.020"},{"key":"2026082718023510606_j_cclm-2026-0108_ref_011","unstructured":"Application Notes \u2013 Analysis of Vitamins A and E in Serum by UPLC-QDa for Clinical Research. Available on line: AnalysisofVitaminsAandEinSerumbyUPLC-QDaforClinicalResearch|Waters [Accessed 9 Sep 2025]."},{"key":"2026082718023510606_j_cclm-2026-0108_ref_012","unstructured":"Chromsystems (Munich, Germany). Vitamins A and E in serum\/plasma by HPLC. VitaminProfiling-Chromsystems (accessed Sep 2025)."},{"key":"2026082718023510606_j_cclm-2026-0108_ref_013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Albahrani, AA, Rotarou, V, Roche, PJ, Greaves, RF. Analyte stability during the total testing process: studies of vitamins A, D and E by LC-MS\/MS. Clin Chem Lab Med 2016;54:1609\u201318. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/cclm-2015-1034.","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2015-1034"},{"key":"2026082718023510606_j_cclm-2026-0108_ref_014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Passing, HB, Bablok, W. A new biometrical procedure for testing the equality of measurements from two different analytical methods. Application of linear regression procedures for method comparison studies in clinical chemistry. Part I J Clin Chem Clin Biochem 1983;21:709\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/cclm.1983.21.11.709.","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm.1983.21.11.709"},{"key":"2026082718023510606_j_cclm-2026-0108_ref_015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lin, LA. A concordance correlation coefficient to evaluate reproducibility. Biometrics 1989;45:255\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/2532051.","DOI":"10.2307\/2532051"},{"key":"2026082718023510606_j_cclm-2026-0108_ref_016","unstructured":"Liao, J, Lewis, JW. A note on concordance correlation coefficient. 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WHO\/NHM\/NHD\/MNM\/11.3. http:\/\/www.who.int\/vmnis\/indicators\/retinol.pdf [Accessed 24 Sep 2025]."}],"container-title":["Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM)"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/cclm-2026-0108\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/cclm-2026-0108\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T18:04:01Z","timestamp":1787853841000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/cclm-2026-0108\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1515\/cclm-2026-0108"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/cclm-2026-0108","relation":{},"ISSN":["1434-6621","1437-4331"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1434-6621","type":"print"},{"value":"1437-4331","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]}}}