{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T10:25:41Z","timestamp":1787394341658,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787529600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Hospital-acquired anemia is highly prevalent and largely preventable complication of hospitalization, affecting up to 40\u201374\u202f% of patients and up to 90\u202f% of intensive care units patients. Excessive diagnostic blood loss from routine phlebotomy represents a significant and modifiable contributor, with cumulative blood collection volumes independently associated with increased risk of moderate to severe anemia and subsequent transfusion. This narrative review examines the magnitude, clinical consequences, and systemic drivers of diagnostic blood loss, and positions sample volume management (SVM) as a critical, laboratory-led component of patient blood management. Evidence demonstrates that diagnostic sampling frequently exceeds analytical requirements multiple-fold, resulting not only in avoidable patient harm but also in substantial environmental and economic burden. SVM is presented as a structured, system-level framework encompassing demand management, reduction of per-sample volume, workflow optimization, and improvement of preanalytical quality. Interventions such as reduced-volume blood collection tubes, closed sampling systems, capillary and microsampling techniques, and total laboratory automation have consistently been shown to reduce phlebotomy-related blood loss and transfusion requirements without compromising analytical quality or patient safety. Furthermore, strengthening preanalytical processes and leveraging automation can minimize errors and prevent unnecessary recollection. Despite strong evidence and clear alignment with international standards, implementation remains inconsistent. Immediate, coordinated action is therefore required to embed SVM into routine practice through multidisciplinary collaboration, standardized protocols, continuous monitoring, and sustained change management. Integrating SVM into clinical workflows represents a high-value strategy to improve patient outcomes, enhance sustainability, and advance value-based laboratory medicine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2026-1125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T09:56:05Z","timestamp":1787392565000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sample volume management: the role of the clinical laboratory in minimizing diagnostic blood loss"],"prefix":"10.1515","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2391-5241","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana-Maria","family":"\u0160imundi\u0107","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Department Medical and Scientific Affairs, Business Unit for Preanalytics , Greiner Bio-One , Kremsm\u00fcnster , Austria"},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry , Zagreb University , Zagreb , Croatia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6878-8645","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Snezana","family":"Jovi\u010di\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Department Medical and Scientific Affairs, Business Unit for Preanalytics , Greiner Bio-One , Kremsm\u00fcnster , Austria"},{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry , University of Belgrade-Faculty of Pharmacy , Belgrade , Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Cornes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry Department , Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust , Worcester , England , UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antoine","family":"Guillon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Intensive Care Unit , Tours University Hospital, INSERM, UMR 1100, Research Center for Respiratory Diseases (CEPR), University of Tours , Tours , France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9717-9793","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serdar","family":"Gunaydin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Surgery , Medical Park Hospital , Ankara , T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9523-9054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Lippi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Clinical Biochemistry , University of Verona , Verona , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2421-1916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saptarshi","family":"Mandal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Transfusion Medicine , All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) Jodhpur , Jodhpur , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0270-1711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario","family":"Plebani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine-DIMED , University of Padova , Padova , Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9595-6299","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joesph R.","family":"Wiencek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology , Vanderbilt University School of Medicine , Nashville , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026082209555556847_j_cclm-2026-1125_ref_001","unstructured":"WHO guideline on haemoglobin cutoffs to define anaemia in individuals and populations. 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