{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T07:16:46Z","timestamp":1765523806922,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709164800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_dx-2024-0017_abs_001\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Whether screen-detected T2DM, based on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or on HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      , are associated with different risks of incident CVD in high-risk populations and which one is preferable for diabetes screening in these populations, remains unclear.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_dx-2024-0017_abs_002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 8,274 high-risk CVD participants were included from the UCC-SMART cohort. Participants were divided into groups based on prior T2DM diagnosis, and combinations of elevated\/non-elevated FPG and HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      (cut-offs at 7\u202fmmol\/L and 48\u202fmmol\/mol, respectively): Group 0: known T2DM; group 1: elevated FPG\/HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      ; group 2: elevated FPG, non-elevated HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      ; group 3: non-elevated FPG, elevated HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      ; group 1\u00a0+\u00a02: elevated FPG, regardless of HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      ; group 1\u00a0+\u00a03: elevated HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      , regardless of FPG; and group 4 (reference), non-elevated FPG\/HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_dx-2024-0017_abs_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      During a median follow-up of 6.3\u202fyears (IQR 3.3\u20139.8), 712 cardiovascular events occurred. Compared to the reference (group 4), group 0 was at increased risk (HR 1.40; 95\u202f% CI 1.16\u20131.68), but group 1 (HR 1.16; 95\u202f% CI 0.62\u20132.18), 2 (HR 1.18; 95\u00a0% CI 0.84\u20131.67), 3 (HR 0.61; 95\u202f% CI 0.15\u20132.44), 1\u00a0+\u00a02 (HR\u00a01.17; 95\u00a0% CI 0.86\u20131.59) and 1\u00a0+\u00a03 (HR 1.01; 95\u202f% CI 0.57\u20131.79) were not. However, spline interpolation showed a linearly increasing risk with increasing HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      \/FPG, but did not allow for identification of other cut-off points.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_dx-2024-0017_abs_004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Based on current cut-offs, FPG and HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      at screening were equally related to incident CVD in high-risk populations without known T2DM. Hence, neither FPG, nor HbA\n                      <jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>\n                      , is preferential for diabetes screening in this population with respect to risk of incident CVD.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/dx-2024-0017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,28]],"date-time":"2024-02-28T00:40:26Z","timestamp":1709080826000},"page":"312-320","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["HbA\n                    <sub>1c<\/sub>\n                    and fasting plasma glucose levels are equally related to incident cardiovascular risk in a high CVD risk population without known diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3653-9430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riemer A.","family":"Been","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology , University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Noordstar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine , Isala Hospital , Zwolle , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marga A.G.","family":"Helmink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vascular Medicine , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas T.","family":"van Sloten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wendela L.","family":"de Ranitz-Greven","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology , University Medical Center Utrecht , Utrecht , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andr\u00e9 P.","family":"van Beek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology , University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sebastiaan T.","family":"Houweling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Langerhans Foundation , Zeist , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter R.","family":"van Dijk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology , University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Westerink","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine , Isala Hospital , Zwolle , The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121206490822342_j_dx-2024-0017_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Damaskos, C, Garmpis, N, Kollia, P, Mitsiopoulos, G, Barlampa, D, Drosos, A, et al.. 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