{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,31]],"date-time":"2024-05-31T17:16:41Z","timestamp":1717175801953},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]],"date-time":"2016-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1480550400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Consumer protection has been included among the EU policies by the Maastricht Treaty and has become one of the EU dominant policies. A consumer is considered as a weaker party in the private legal relationships and therefore should be protected against a stronger contract party. However, the question \u201cwho is a consumer\u201d arises very often. The judicature of the Court of Justice of the EU proves that the notion of consumer is still not clearly defined in the secondary law of the EU. The present paper brings the overview how the notion of consumer has developed in the EU secondary law and in the judicature of the Court of Justice of the EU and it points out actual issues related to the notion of consumer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/eual-2016-0006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,9]],"date-time":"2017-01-09T10:01:38Z","timestamp":1483956098000},"page":"1-12","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Notion of Consumer in the EU Law"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Jarmila","family":"Laz\u00edkov\u00e1","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of International Law and European Law, Faculty of Law, Pan\u2013European University Bratislava"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u013dubica","family":"Rumanovsk\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of European Policies, Faculty of European Studies and Regional Development, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021040916462280987_j_eual-2016-0006_ref_001_w2aab2b8b2b1b7b1ab1ab1Aa","unstructured":"1. BARNHIZER, D. D. (2005) Inequality of Bargaining Power. In: University of Colorado Law Review, 2005, vol. 76, pp. 139 \u2013 241 ISSN 0041\u20139516."},{"key":"2021040916462280987_j_eual-2016-0006_ref_002_w2aab2b8b2b1b7b1ab1ab2Aa","unstructured":"2. BURES, J. \u2013 DRAPAL. L. et al. (2009) Ob\u010dansk\u00fd soudn\u00ed \u0159\u00e1d II. \u00a7 201 \u2013 376. Koment\u00e1\u0159. Praha: C.H.Beck, 2009. 3343 p. ISBN 978\u201380\u20137400\u2013107\u20139."},{"key":"2021040916462280987_j_eual-2016-0006_ref_003_w2aab2b8b2b1b7b1ab1ab3Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"3. DENKINGER, F. (2007) Verbraucherbegriff: eine Analyse pers\u00f6nlicher Geltungsbereiche von verbraucherrechtlichen Schutzvorschriften in Europa. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 2007. 670 p. ISBN 978\u20133\u20138994\u20139401\u20133.","DOI":"10.1515\/9783110891799"},{"key":"2021040916462280987_j_eual-2016-0006_ref_004_w2aab2b8b2b1b7b1ab1ab4Aa","unstructured":"4. DREHER, M. (1997). Der Verbraucher als Phantom in den opera des europ\u00e4ischen und deutschen Rechts. In: Juristenzeitung, 1997, vol. 52, no. 4, pp. 167\u2013178 ISSN 1868\u20137067."},{"key":"2021040916462280987_j_eual-2016-0006_ref_005_w2aab2b8b2b1b7b1ab1ab5Aa","unstructured":"5. HONDIUS, E. (2004) The protection of the Weak Party in a Harmonised European Contract Law: A Synthesis. In: Journal of Consumer Policy, 2004, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 245\u2013251 ISSN 1573\u20130700."},{"key":"2021040916462280987_j_eual-2016-0006_ref_006_w2aab2b8b2b1b7b1ab1ab6Aa","unstructured":"6. PFEIFFER, T. (1999) Der Verbraucherbegriff als zentrales Merkmal im europ\u00e4ischen Privatrecht. In: Schulte \u2013 N\u00f6lke, H., Schulze R. (1999) Europ\u00e4ische Rechtsangleichung und nationale Privatrechte, Baden \u2013 Baden: Nomos, 1999, pp. 21\u201343. ISBN 978\u20133789061868."},{"key":"2021040916462280987_j_eual-2016-0006_ref_007_w2aab2b8b2b1b7b1ab1ab7Aa","unstructured":"7. TICH\u00dd, L. et al. (2006) Evropsk\u00e9 pr\u00e1vo. Praha: C. H. Beck, 2006. 928 p. ISBN 80\u2013717\u20139430\u20139."},{"key":"2021040916462280987_j_eual-2016-0006_ref_008_w2aab2b8b2b1b7b1ab1ab8Aa","unstructured":"8. THOMPSON, L. (2001) The Mind and heart of the negotiator. 2nd edition. New Jersey: Prentice Hall, 2001. 432 p. ISBN 978\u20130\u20131325\u20134386\u20136."},{"key":"2021040916462280987_j_eual-2016-0006_ref_009_w2aab2b8b2b1b7b1ab1ab9Aa","unstructured":"9. TREBILCOCK, M. J. (1997) The limits of freedom of contract. Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1997. 310 p. ISBN 978\u20130\u20136745\u20133430\u20138."},{"key":"2021040916462280987_j_eual-2016-0006_ref_010_w2aab2b8b2b1b7b1ab1ac10Aa","unstructured":"10. VON BAR, Ch. \u2013 CLIVE, E. \u2013 SCHULTE\u2013N\u00d6LKE, H. et al. (2009) Principles, Definitions and Model Rules of European Private Law. Draft Common Frame of Reference. Munich: Selier. European law publishers GmbH, 2009. 648 p. ISBN 978\u20133\u201386653\u2013097\u20133."},{"key":"2021040916462280987_j_eual-2016-0006_ref_011_w2aab2b8b2b1b7b1ab1ac11Aa","unstructured":"11. ZOUL\u00cdK, F. (2013) Cesty pr\u00e1va. V\u00fdbor stat\u00ed. Praha: Wolters Kluwer, 2013. 293 p. 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