{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]],"date-time":"2023-06-05T09:35:21Z","timestamp":1685957721437},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527811200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Background:<\/jats:bold> Inappropriate use of drugs and their combinations for analgesics has made it difficult to determine the optimal drug combinations for pain mangement.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Aim:<\/jats:bold> To reduce postoperative pain effectively and safely.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Materials and methods:<\/jats:bold> Laparotomy was performed in an adult rat under isoflurane anesthesia. During surgery, the surgical wounds were infiltrated with 50 \u03bcL solution containing 0.3% w\/v levobupivacaine, 2 mg\/mL ibuprofen, and 8 mg\/mL epinephrine (treatment group) over the sutured muscle wound before skin closing, and compared to infiltration of that of the normal saline (vehicle group). The 10-fold higher dose of the same combination of medications was injected systemically as a control. Postoperative pain assessed by rodent grimace scales scoring. One-way ANOVA following Dunnett multiple comparisons test was used at 95% of confidence level.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> There was decreased pain for the treatment group (p = 0.025, q = 4.527) and the control group (p = 0.031, q = 4.178) only 24 h after the end of the successful infiltration. The rodent GS scale scoring showed the fall in pain was started within three hours post-surgery in the treatment group. There was decreased pain in the treatment group (p = 0.048, q = 3.527) and the control group (p = 0.043, q = 3.891) only as compared to vehicle group 24 h after the end of the successful infiltration.<\/jats:p>\n<jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:<\/jats:bold> The infiltration of the surgical wound with levobupivacaine, ibuprofen, and epinephrine combination was effective in the healing of wounds after laparotomy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/folmed-2017-0096","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,19]],"date-time":"2018-07-19T00:33:08Z","timestamp":1531960388000},"page":"254-260","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Analgesic Effect of Local Infiltration of the Surgical Wound Containing Levobupivacaine, Ibuprofen, and Epinephrine in Rats Undergoing Laparotomy"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Prashant S.","family":"Korat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pankaj","family":"Kapupara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","container-title":["Folia Medica"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/view\/j\/folmed.2017.60.issue-2\/folmed-2017-0096\/folmed-2017-0096.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/view\/j\/folmed.2017.60.issue-2\/folmed-2017-0096\/folmed-2017-0096.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,21]],"date-time":"2020-10-21T09:06:52Z","timestamp":1603271212000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/archive.sciendo.com\/FOLMED\/folmed.2017.60.issue-2\/folmed-2017-0096\/folmed-2017-0096.pdf"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/folmed-2017-0096","relation":{},"ISSN":["1314-2143"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1314-2143","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]]}}}