{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T23:27:59Z","timestamp":1792884479258,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,1]],"date-time":"2015-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1425168000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Streszczenie<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Biomasa stanowi obecnie jedno z podstawowych \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142 energii odnawialnej w energetyce zawodowej w Polsce. Wykorzystanie tego paliwa wynika z obowi\u0105zuj\u0105cej Polityki Energetycznej Polski do 2030, kt\u00f3ra narzuca wzrost udzia\u0142u odnawialnych \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142 energii w finalnym zu\u017cyciu energii co najmniej do poziomu 15% w 2020 roku, a nast\u0119pnie dalszy wzrost w latach nast\u0119pnych. Projekt Polityki energetycznej Polski do 2050 roku zak\u0142ada zwi\u0119kszenie do 20% udzia\u0142u energii odnawialnej we wszystkich \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142ach zu\u017cywanej energii. Biomasa mo\u017ce by\u0107 stosowana jako samodzielne paliwo lub mo\u017ce by\u0107 wsp\u00f3\u0142spalana z w\u0119glem. Ka\u017cde paliwo sta\u0142e, r\u00f3wnie\u017c biomasa, w energetyce zawodowej powoduje powstawanie odpad\u00f3w energetycznych. W przypadku ka\u017cdego odpadu powinna by\u0107 zachowana hierarchia sposob\u00f3w post\u0119powania z nimi zdefiniowana w Ustawie o odpadach. Odpady energetyczne s\u0105 szeroko wykorzystywane w g\u00f3rnictwie, produkcji materia\u0142\u00f3w budowlanych i drogownictwie. R\u00f3wnie\u017c dla ubocznych produkt\u00f3w spalania biomasy s\u0105 to kierunki, kt\u00f3re powinny by\u0107 rozpatrywane w pierwszej kolejno\u015bci ze wzgl\u0119du na d\u0142ugoletnie do\u015bwiadczenia w ich wykorzystaniu. Przyk\u0142adowo, popio\u0142y lotne ze wsp\u00f3\u0142spalania s\u0105 dopuszczone przez norm\u0119 PN-EN 450:1 \u2212 Popi\u00f3\u0142 lotny do betonu. Popio\u0142y lotne ze spalania biomasy r\u00f3\u017cni\u0105 si\u0119, pomimo wielu podobie\u0144stw, od popio\u0142\u00f3w ze spalania w\u0119gla czy wsp\u00f3\u0142spalania. Popio\u0142y te mog\u0105 charakteryzowa\u0107 si\u0119 wysok\u0105 wymywalno\u015bci\u0105 zanieczyszcze\u0144 i przez to ich gospodarcze wykorzystanie mo\u017ce by\u0107 ograniczone. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki bada\u0144 wymywalno\u015bci zanieczyszcze\u0144 z suchych popio\u0142\u00f3w lotnych i ich wodnych zawiesin. Dla por\u00f3wnania wykonano oznaczenie wymywalno\u015bci zanieczyszcze\u0144 z popio\u0142\u00f3w ze spalania w\u0119gla w kot\u0142ach konwencjonalnych i kot\u0142ach fluidalnych. Badane popio\u0142y ze spalania biomasy charakteryzowa\u0142y si\u0119 wysok\u0105 wymywalno\u015bci\u0105 siarczan\u00f3w, chlork\u00f3w, chromu i potasu. Poniewa\u017c g\u00f3rnictwo podziemne pozostaje jednym z podstawowych kierunk\u00f3w wykorzystania popio\u0142\u00f3w lotnych, uzyskane wyniki bada\u0144 por\u00f3wnano z wymaganiami normy PN-G-11011 \u2212 Materia\u0142y do podsadzki zestalanej i doszczelniania zrob\u00f3w zawa\u0142owych. Wymagania i badania.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/gospo-2015-0032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,18]],"date-time":"2016-01-18T16:55:17Z","timestamp":1453136117000},"page":"145-156","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Wymywalno\u015b\u0107 zanieczyszcze\u0144 z popio\u0142\u00f3w lotnych ze spalania biomasy"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Alicja","family":"Uliasz-Boche\u0144czyk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Pawluk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joanna","family":"Sierka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref31","first-page":"114","article-title":"i in i Properties of fly ash from forest biomass combustion","author":"Gir\u00f3n","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"128","article-title":"i in i Potential use of biomass bottom ash as alternative construction material : Conflictive chemical parameters according to technical regulations","author":"Hinojosa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"ref101","first-page":"3","article-title":"i in i Zalety i wady wsp\u00f3\u0142spalania biomasy w kot\u0142ach energetycznych na tle do\u015bwiadcze\u0144 eksploatacyjnych pierwszego roku wsp\u00f3\u0142spalania biomasy na skal\u0119 przemys\u0142ow\u0105","author":"\u015aci\u0105\u017cko","year":"2006","journal-title":"Energetyka"},{"key":"ref71","first-page":"116","article-title":"Yeboah i in i Characterization of biomass and high carbon content coal ash for productive reuse applications","author":"Nortey","year":"2014","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"71","article-title":"i in i Properties of biomass vs coal fly ashes deposited in electrostatic precipitator of","author":"Jaworek","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal Electrostatics"},{"key":"ref01","first-page":"32","article-title":"Immobilization of Cr Cd Zn and Pb in alkali - activated slag binders and","author":"Deja","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cement Concrete Research"},{"key":"ref131","first-page":"105","article-title":"i An overview of the composition and application of biomass ash Part Potential utilisation , technological and ecological advantages and challenges","author":"Vassilev","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"ref121","first-page":"105","article-title":"a i An overview of the composition and application of biomass ash Part Phase mineral and chemical composition and classification","author":"Vassilev","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fuel"},{"key":"ref81","first-page":"172","article-title":"i in i Characterisation and use of biomass fly ash in cement - based materials of","author":"Rajamma","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal Hazardous Materials"}],"container-title":["Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/content.sciendo.com\/view\/journals\/gospo\/31\/3\/article-p145.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/view\/j\/gospo.2015.31.issue-3\/gospo-2015-0032\/gospo-2015-0032.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,22]],"date-time":"2019-07-22T15:46:19Z","timestamp":1563810379000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"http:\/\/journals.pan.pl\/dlibra\/publication\/99768\/edition\/86066\/content"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,1]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/gospo-2015-0032","relation":{},"ISSN":["2299-2324"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2299-2324","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,1]]}}}