{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T10:00:44Z","timestamp":1793354444393,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RL5GM118969, TL4GM 118971 and UL1GM118970"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RL5GM118969, TL4GM 118971 and UL1GM118970"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_hmbci-2017-0076_s_999_w2aab3b7b7b1b6b1aab1c14b1Aa\">\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lipedema is a chronic disorder presenting in women during puberty or other times of hormonal change such as childbirth or menopause, characterized by symmetric enlargement of nodular, painful subcutaneous adipose tissue (fat) in the limbs, sparing the hands, feet and trunk. Healthcare providers underdiagnose or misdiagnose lipedema as obesity or lymphedema.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_hmbci-2017-0076_s_998_w2aab3b7b7b1b6b1aab1c14b2Aa\">\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The benefits (friend) and negative aspects (foe) of lipedema were collected from published literature, discussions with women with lipedema, and institutional review board approved evaluation of medical charts of 46 women with lipedema.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_hmbci-2017-0076_s_997_w2aab3b7b7b1b6b1aab1c14b3Aa\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Lipedema is a foe because lifestyle change does not reduce lipedema fat, the fat is painful, can become obese, causes gait and joint abnormalities, fatigue, lymphedema and psychosocial distress. Hypermobility associated with lipedema can exacerbate joint disease and aortic disease. In contrast, lipedema fat can be a friend as it is associated with relative reductions in obesity-related metabolic dysfunction. In new data collected, lipedema was associated with a low risk of diabetes (2%), dyslipidemia (11.7%) and hypertension (13%) despite an obese average body mass index (BMI) of 35.3 \u00b1 1.7 kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_hmbci-2017-0076_s_996_w2aab3b7b7b1b6b1aab1c14b4Aa\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Lipedema is a painful psychologically distressing fat disorder, more foe than friend especially due to associated obesity and lymphedema. More controlled studies are needed to study the mechanisms and treatments for lipedema.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/hmbci-2017-0076","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,29]],"date-time":"2018-03-29T18:22:28Z","timestamp":1522347748000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":100,"title":["Lipedema: friend and foe"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Yanira Sanchez-De la","family":"Torre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"TREAT Program, College of Medicine , University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita","family":"Wadeea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TREAT Program, College of Medicine , University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Victoria","family":"Rosas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences , University of Texas at El Paso , El Paso, TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9079-9754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karen L.","family":"Herbst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TREAT Program, College of Medicine , University of Arizona , Tucson, AZ , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121207230450139_j_hmbci-2017-0076_ref_001_w2aab3b7b7b1b6b1ab2b2b1Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Child AH, Gordon KD, Sharpe P, Brice G, Ostergaard P, Jeffery S, et al. Lipedema: an inherited condition. Am J Med Genet A. 2010;152A:970\u20136.","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.33313"},{"key":"2025121207230450139_j_hmbci-2017-0076_ref_002_w2aab3b7b7b1b6b1ab2b2b2Aa","unstructured":"Herbst K, Mirkovskaya L, Bharhagava A, Chava Y, Te CH. Lipedema fat and signs and symptoms of illness, increase with advancing stage. Arch Med. 2015;7:1\u20138."},{"key":"2025121207230450139_j_hmbci-2017-0076_ref_003_w2aab3b7b7b1b6b1ab2b2b3Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szel E, Kemeny L, Groma G, Szolnoky G. Pathophysiological dilemmas of lipedema. Med Hypotheses. 2014;83:599\u2013606.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2014.08.011"},{"key":"2025121207230450139_j_hmbci-2017-0076_ref_004_w2aab3b7b7b1b6b1ab2b2b4Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fife CE, Maus EA, Carter MJ. Lipedema: a frequently misdiagnosed and misunderstood fatty deposition syndrome. 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