{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T07:54:52Z","timestamp":1790668492458,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785283200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p\/>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_hmbci-2026-0007_abs_001\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to examine the association of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT) with ApoE gene expression and to evaluate their diagnostic utility in\u00a0CMS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_hmbci-2026-0007_abs_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This case\u2013control study compared hormonal, inflammatory, oxidative stress, and gene expression markers between CMS cases and healthy controls. Group differences were analyzed using non-parametric tests. Diagnostic performance was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, and relationships among variables were assessed using correlation and multivariable logistic regression models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_hmbci-2026-0007_abs_004\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CMS cases showed significantly higher levels of TSH, IL-6, 3-NT, and ApoE gene expression compared with controls. TSH demonstrated modest diagnostic accuracy (AUC=0.740), whereas 3-NT exhibited excellent discriminative performance (AUC=0.963). IL-6 also showed good diagnostic accuracy. ApoE gene expression demonstrated strong diagnostic performance and was positively correlated with TSH, 3-NT, and IL-6, with the strongest association observed for IL-6. Multivariable regression analysis confirmed that elevated TSH, IL-6, and 3-NT were independently associated with CMS status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_hmbci-2026-0007_abs_005\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CMS is characterized by the convergence of thyroid dysregulation, inflammation, oxidative stress, and increased ApoE gene expression. These findings highlight a coordinated molecular network underlying CMS and support the integration of molecular and inflammatory biomarkers into cardiometabolic risk assessment. Larger longitudinal studies are required to confirm these observations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/hmbci-2026-0007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T03:55:36Z","timestamp":1785210936000},"page":"91-100","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association of APOE gene expression with thyroid dysfunction, inflammation, and nitrosative stress in cardiometabolic syndrome: a case\u2013control study"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Thahira","family":"Abdulla","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University) , Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5545-606X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thirumal","family":"Kumar D","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University) , Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaiganesh","family":"Inbanathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry , Meenakshi Ammal Dental College and Hospital, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University) , Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeyapal","family":"Vidhyadharan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hridayalaya Heart and Robotic Research Centre Pvt-Ltd , Thiruvananthapuram , Kerala , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Midhun Thazhissery","family":"Mohanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University) , Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swathi","family":"Thoduvayil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University) , Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roshma","family":"Retnakaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University) , Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harisree Panikkaveedu","family":"Haridas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University) , Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simi","family":"Skariah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University) , Chennai , Tamil Nadu , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-7124-148X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dinesh Roy","family":"Divakaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cytogenetics, Genetika , Centre for Advanced Genetic Studies , Thiruvananthapuram , Kerala , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092906561148901_j_hmbci-2026-0007_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aravani, D, Kassi, E, Chatzigeorgiou, A, Vakrou, S. 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