{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:09:19Z","timestamp":1787022559903,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Biological Chemistry"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Bradykinin-related peptides, universal mediators of inflammation collectively referred to as the kinins, are often produced in excessive amounts during microbial infections. We have recently shown that the yeast\n                    <jats:italic>Candida albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    , the major fungal pathogen to humans, can exploit two mechanisms to enhance kinin levels at the sites of candidial infection, one depending on adsorption and activation of the endogenous kinin-generating system of the host on the fungal cell wall and the other relying on cleavage of kinin precursors, the kininogens, by pathogen-secreted proteases. This work aimed at assigning this kininogenase activity to the major secreted aspartic protease of\n                    <jats:italic>C. albicans<\/jats:italic>\n                    (SAP2). The purified SAP2 was shown to cleave human kininogens, preferably the low molecular mass form (LK) and optimally in an acidic environment (pH 3.5\u20134.0), and to produce two kinins, Met-Lys-bradykinin and its derivative, [Hydroxyproline\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    ]-Met-Lys-bradykinin, both of which are capable of interacting with cellular bradykinin receptors of the B2 subtype. Additionally, albeit with a lower yield, des-Arg\n                    <jats:sup>9<\/jats:sup>\n                    -Met-Lys-bradykinin, an effective agonist of B1-subtype receptors, was released. The pathophysiological potential of these kinins and des-Arg-kinin was also proven by presenting their ability to stimulate human promonocytic cells U937 to release proinflammatory interleukin 1\u03b2 (IL-1\u03b2) and IL-6.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/hsz-2012-0157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,21]],"date-time":"2012-08-21T11:27:52Z","timestamp":1345548472000},"page":"829-839","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Extracellular aspartic protease SAP2 of\n                    <i>Candida albicans<\/i>\n                    yeast cleaves human kininogens and releases proinflammatory peptides, Met-Lys-bradykinin and des-Arg\n                    <sup>9<\/sup>\n                    -Met-Lys-bradykinin"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"393","author":[{"given":"Grazyna","family":"Bras","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliwia","family":"Bochenska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Rapala-Kozik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibeth","family":"Guevara-Lora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Faussner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig Maximilians University, Pettenkoferstrasse 8a\/9, D-80336 Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrzej","family":"Kozik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 7, 30-387 Krakow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref1141","first-page":"305","article-title":"Edwards Jr and A Mitchell ( Washington DC USA : ASM Press ) pp and Herwald Contact system activation in severe infectious diseases","author":"Oehmcke","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Med"},{"key":"ref1061","first-page":"1568","article-title":"Kininogens : More than cysteine protease inhibitors and kinin precursors M \u00fc ller - 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type caroxypeptidase cathepsin X generates peptide receptor agonists and Agabian In vivo analysis of secreted aspartyl pro - teinase expression in human oral candidiasis","volume":"10","author":"Kraus","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol Infect Immun"}],"container-title":["bchm"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/view\/j\/bchm.2012.393.issue-8\/hsz-2012-0157\/hsz-2012-0157.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/hsz-2012-0157\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/hsz-2012-0157\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,14]],"date-time":"2022-03-14T11:19:35Z","timestamp":1647256775000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/hsz-2012-0157\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1515\/hsz-2012-0157"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/hsz-2012-0157","relation":{},"ISSN":["1437-4315","1431-6730"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1437-4315","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1431-6730","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,8,1]]}}}