{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T20:44:22Z","timestamp":1761597862813},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Skeletal muscle dysfunction and mass loss is a characteristic feature in patients with chronic diseases including cancer and acute conditions such as critical illness. Maintenance of an adequate muscle mass is crucial for the patients\u2019 prognosis irrespective of the underlying condition. Moreover, aging-related sarcopenia may further aggravate the muscle wasting process associated with chronic diseases and cancer. Poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) activation has been demonstrated to contribute to the pathophysiology of muscle mass loss and dysfunction in animal models of cancer-induced cachexia. Genetic inhibition of PARP activity attenuated the deleterious effects seen on depleted muscles in mouse models of oncologic cachexia. In the present minireview the mechanisms whereby PARP activity inhibition may improve muscle mass and performance in models of cancer-induced cachexia are discussed. Specifically, the beneficial effects of inhibition of PARP activity on attenuation of increased oxidative stress, protein catabolism, poor muscle anabolism and mitochondrial content and epigenetic modulation of muscle phenotype are reviewed in this article. Finally, the potential therapeutic strategies of pharmacological PARP activity inhibition for the treatment of cancer-induced cachexia are also being described in this review.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/hsz-2017-0158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,10]],"date-time":"2017-10-10T10:00:50Z","timestamp":1507629650000},"page":"179-186","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["PARP-1 and PARP-2 activity in cancer-induced cachexia: potential therapeutic implications"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"399","author":[{"given":"Esther","family":"Barreiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pulmonology Department , IMIM-Hospital del Mar, PRBB , Dr. Aiguader, 88 , E-08003 Barcelona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joaquim","family":"Gea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Medicine Department , Muscle Wasting and Cachexia in Chronic Respiratory Diseases and Lung Cancer Research Group, Institute of Medical Research of Hospital del Mar (IMIM)-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park (PRBB) , Barcelona , Spain"},{"name":"Department of Health Sciences (CEXS) , Universitat Pompeu Fabra , Barcelona , Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) , Barcelona , Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_001_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2b1Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alamdari, N., Aversa, Z., Castillero, E., and Hasselgren, P.O. (2013) Acetylation and deacetylation \u2013 novel factors in muscle wasting. Metabolism 62, 1\u201311.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2012.03.019"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_002_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2b2Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alamdari, N., Smith, I.J., Aversa, Z., and Hasselgren, P.O. (2010) Sepsis and glucocorticoids upregulate p300 and downregulate HDAC6 expression and activity in skeletal muscle. Am. J. Physiol. Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. 299, R509\u2013R520.","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00858.2009"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_003_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2b3Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bai, P., Canto, C., Brunyanszki, A., Huber, A., Szanto, M., Cen, Y., Yamamoto, H., Houten, S.M., Kiss, B., Oudart, H., et al. (2011a) PARP-2 regulates SIRT1 expression and whole-body energy expenditure. Cell Metab. 13, 450\u2013460.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2011.03.013"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_004_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2b4Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bai, P., Canto, C., Oudart, H., Brunyanszki, A., Cen, Y., Thomas, C., Yamamoto, H., Huber, A., Kiss, B., Houtkooper, R.H., et al. (2011b) PARP-1 inhibition increases mitochondrial metabolism through SIRT1 activation. Cell Metab. 13, 461\u2013468.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2011.03.004"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_005_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2b5Aa","unstructured":"Bai, P., Nagy, L., Fodor, T., Liaudet, L., and Pacher, P. (2015) Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases as modulators of mitochondrial activity. Trends Endocrinol. Metab. 26, 75\u201383."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_006_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2b6Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barreiro, E. (2017) Skeletal muscle dysfunction in COPD: novelties in the last decade. Arch. Bronconeumol. 53, 43\u201344.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arbr.2016.08.006"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_007_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2b7Aa","unstructured":"Barreiro, E. and Gea, J. (2015) Epigenetics and muscle dysfunction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Transl. Res. 165, 61\u201373."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_008_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2b8Aa","unstructured":"Barreiro, E., Ferrer, D., Sanchez, F., Minguella, J., Marin-Corral, J., Martinez-Llorens, J., Lloreta, J., and Gea, J. (2011) Inflammatory cells and apoptosis in respiratory and limb muscles of patients with COPD. J. Appl. Physiol. 111, 808\u2013817."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_009_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2b9Aa","unstructured":"Barreiro, E., Bustamante, V., Cejudo, P., Galdiz, J.B., Gea, J., de, L.P., Martinez-Llorens, J., Ortega, F., Puente-Maestu, L., Roca, J., et al. (2015) Guidelines for the evaluation and treatment of muscle dysfunction in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Arch. Bronconeumol. 51, 384\u2013395."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_010_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c10Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burkle, A. and Virag, L. (2013) Poly(ADP-ribose): PARadigms and PARadoxes. Mol. Aspects Med. 34, 1046\u20131065.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2012.12.010"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_011_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c11Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chacon-Cabrera, A., Fermoselle, C., Urtreger, A.J., Mateu-Jimenez, M., Diament, M.J., De Kier Joffe, E.D., Sandri, M., and Barreiro, E. (2014) Pharmacological strategies in lung cancer-induced cachexia: effects on muscle proteolysis, autophagy, structure, and weakness. J. Cell Physiol. 229, 1660\u20131672.","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.24611"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_012_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c12Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chacon-Cabrera, A., Fermoselle, C., Salmela, I., Yelamos, J., and Barreiro, E. (2015) MicroRNA expression and protein acetylation pattern in respiratory and limb muscles of Parp-1\u2212\/\u2212 and Parp-2\u2212\/\u2212 mice with lung cancer cachexia. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1850, 2530\u20132543.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbagen.2015.09.020"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_013_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c13Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chacon-Cabrera, A., Mateu-Jimenez, M., Langohr, K., Fermoselle, C., Garcia-Arumi, E., Andreu, A.L., Yelamos, J., and Barreiro, E. (2017) Role of PARP activity in lung cancer-induced cachexia: effects on muscle oxidative stress, proteolysis, anabolic markers, and phenotype. J. Cell Physiol. 232, 3744\u20133761.","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.25851"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_014_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c14Aa","unstructured":"Consalvi, S., Saccone, V., Giordani, L., Minetti, G., Mozzetta, C., and Puri, P.L. (2011) Histone deacetylase inhibitors in the treatment of muscular dystrophies: epigenetic drugs for genetic diseases. Mol. Med. 17, 457\u2013465."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_015_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c15Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cui, H., Bansal, V., Grunert, M., Malecova, B., Dall\u2019Agnese, A., Latella, L., Gatto, S., Ryan, T., Schulz, K., Chen, W., et al. (2017) Muscle-relevant genes marked by stable H3K4me2\/3 profiles and enriched MyoD binding during myogenic differentiation. PLoS One 12, e0179464.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0179464"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_016_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c16Aa","unstructured":"de, M.G., Huletsky, A., Lamarre, D., Gaudreau, A., Pouyet, J., Daune, M., and Poirier, G.G. (1986) Modulation of chromatin superstructure induced by poly(ADP-ribose) synthesis and degradation. J. Biol. Chem. 261, 7011\u20137017."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_017_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c17Aa","unstructured":"Ethier, C., Tardif, M., Arul, L., and Poirier, G.G. (2012) PARP-1 modulation of mTOR signaling in response to a DNA alkylating agent. PLoS One 7, e47978."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_018_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c18Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fearon, K., Strasser, F., Anker, S.D., Bosaeus, I., Bruera, E., Fainsinger, R.L., Jatoi, A., Loprinzi, C., MacDonald, N., Mantovani, G., et al. (2011) Definition and classification of cancer cachexia: an international consensus. Lancet Oncol. 12, 489\u2013495.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(10)70218-7"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_019_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c19Aa","unstructured":"Fermoselle, C., Rabinovich, R., Ausin, P., Puig-Vilanova, E., Coronell, C., Sanchez, F., Roca, J., Gea, J., and Barreiro, E. (2012) Does oxidative stress modulate limb muscle atrophy in severe COPD patients? Eur. Respir. J. 40, 851\u2013862."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_020_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c20Aa","unstructured":"Fermoselle, C., Garcia-Arumi, E., Puig-Vilanova, E., Andreu, A.L., Urtreger, A.J., De Kier Joffe, E.D., Tejedor, A., Puente-Maestu, L., and Barreiro, E. (2013) Mitochondrial dysfunction and therapeutic approaches in respiratory and limb muscles of cancer cachectic mice. Exp. Physiol. 98, 1349\u20131365."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_021_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c21Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fry, C.S., Drummond, M.J., Glynn, E.L., Dickinson, J.M., Gundermann, D.M., Timmerman, K.L., Walker, D.K., Dhanani, S., Volpi, E., and Rasmussen, B.B. (2011) Aging impairs contraction-induced human skeletal muscle mTORC1 signaling and protein synthesis. Skeletal Muscle 1, 1\u201311.","DOI":"10.1186\/2044-5040-1-11"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_022_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c22Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ha, H.C. and Snyder, S.H. (1999) Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is a mediator of necrotic cell death by ATP depletion. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 13978\u201313982.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.24.13978"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_023_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c23Aa","unstructured":"Hassa, P.O. and Hottiger, M.O. (1999) A role of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase in NF-\u03baB transcriptional activation. Biol. Chem. 380, 953\u2013959."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_024_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c24Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hassa, P.O. and Hottiger, M.O. (2008) The diverse biological roles of mammalian PARPS, a small but powerful family of poly-ADP-ribose polymerases. Front Biosci. 13, 3046\u20133082.","DOI":"10.2741\/2909"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_025_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c25Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jagtap, P., Soriano, F.G., Virag, L., Liaudet, L., Mabley, J., Szabo, E., Hasko, G., Marton, A., Lorigados, C.B., Gallyas, F., Jr., et al. (2002) Novel phenanthridinone inhibitors of poly (adenosine 5\u2032-diphosphate-ribose) synthetase: potent cytoprotective and antishock agents. Crit. Care Med. 30, 1071\u20131082.","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-200205000-00019"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_026_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c26Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jagtap, P. and Szabo, C. (2005) Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase and the therapeutic effects of its inhibitors. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 4, 421\u2013440.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd1718"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_027_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c27Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kiefmann, R., Heckel, K., Doerger, M., Schenkat, S., Kupatt, C., Stoeckelhuber, M., Wesierska-Gadek, J., and Goetz, A.E. (2004) Role of PARP on iNOS pathway during endotoxin-induced acute lung injury. Intensive Care Med. 30, 1421\u20131431.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-004-2301-x"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_028_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c28Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marquis, K., Debigare, R., Lacasse, Y., LeBlanc, P., Jobin, J., Carrier, G., and Maltais, F. (2002) Midthigh muscle cross-sectional area is a better predictor of mortality than body mass index in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am. J. Respir. Crit Care Med. 166, 809\u2013813.","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.2107031"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_029_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c29Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohamed, J.S., Hajira, A., Pardo, P.S., and Boriek, A.M. (2014) MicroRNA-149 inhibits PARP-2 and promotes mitochondrial biogenesis via SIRT-1\/PGC-1alpha network in skeletal muscle. Diabetes 63, 1546\u20131559.","DOI":"10.2337\/db13-1364"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_030_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c30Aa","unstructured":"Natanek, S.A., Riddoch-Contreras, J., Marsh, G.S., Hopkinson, N.S., Man, W.D., Moxham, J., Polkey, M.I., and Kemp, P.R. (2011) Yin Yang 1 expression and localisation in quadriceps muscle in COPD. Arch. Bronconeumol. 47, 296\u2013302."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_031_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c31Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Olah, G., Szczesny, B., Brunyanszki, A., Lopez-Garcia, I.A., Gero, D., Radak, Z., and Szabo, C. (2015) Differentiation-associated downregulation of poly(ADP-Ribose) polymerase-1 expression in myoblasts serves to increase their resistance to oxidative stress. PLoS One 10, e0134227.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0134227"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_032_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c32Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oliver, F.J., Menissier-de, M.J., Nacci, C., Decker, P., Andriantsitohaina, R., Muller, S., de la Rubia, G., Stoclet, J.C., and de, M.G. (1999) Resistance to endotoxic shock as a consequence of defective NF-\u03baB activation in poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 deficient mice. EMBO J. 18, 4446\u20134454.","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/18.16.4446"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_033_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c33Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pacher, P., Beckman, J.S., and Liaudet, L. (2007) Nitric oxide and peroxynitrite in health and disease. Physiol Rev. 87, 315\u2013424.","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00029.2006"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_034_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c34Aa","unstructured":"Pacher, P. and Szabo, C. (2008) Role of the peroxynitrite-poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase pathway in human disease. Am.J.Pathol. 173, 2\u201313."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_035_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c35Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Potthoff, M.J., Wu, H., Arnold, M.A., Shelton, J.M., Backs, J., McAnally, J., Richardson, J.A., Bassel-Duby, R., and Olson, E.N. (2007) Histone deacetylase degradation and MEF2 activation promote the formation of slow-twitch myofibers. J. Clin. Invest. 117, 2459\u20132467.","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI31960"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_036_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c36Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Puig-Vilanova, E., Aguilo, R., Rodriguez-Fuster, A., Martinez-Llorens, J., Gea, J., and Barreiro, E. (2014a) Epigenetic mechanisms in respiratory muscle dysfunction of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. PLoS One 9, e111514.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0111514"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_037_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c37Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Puig-Vilanova, E., Ausin, P., Martinez-Llorens, J., Gea, J., and Barreiro, E. (2014b) Do epigenetic events take place in the vastus lateralis of patients with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? PLoS One 9, e102296.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0102296"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_038_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c38Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Puig-Vilanova, E., Rodriguez, D.A., Lloreta, J., Ausin, P., Pascual-Guardia, S., Broquetas, J., Roca, J., Gea, J., and Barreiro, E. (2014c) Oxidative stress, redox signaling pathways, and autophagy in cachectic muscles of male patients with advanced COPD and lung cancer. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 79C, 91\u2013108.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2014.11.006"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_039_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c39Aa","unstructured":"Puig-Vilanova, E., Martinez-Llorens, J., Ausin, P., Roca, J., Gea, J., and Barreiro, E. (2015) Quadriceps muscle weakness and atrophy are associated with a differential epigenetic profile in advanced COPD. Clin. Sci. (Lond) 128, 905\u2013921."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_040_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c40Aa","unstructured":"Rajamohan, S.B., Pillai, V.B., Gupta, M., Sundaresan, N.R., Birukov, K.G., Samant, S., Hottiger, M.O., and Gupta, M.P. (2009) SIRT1 promotes cell survival under stress by deacetylation-dependent deactivation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1. Mol. Cell Biol. 29, 4116\u20134129."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_041_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c41Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sadoul, K., Boyault, C., Pabion, M., and Khochbin, S. (2008) Regulation of protein turnover by acetyltransferases and deacetylases. Biochimie 90, 306\u2013312.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2007.06.009"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_042_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c42Aa","unstructured":"Schreiber, V., Dantzer, F., Ame, J.C., and de, M.G. (2006) Poly(ADP-ribose): novel functions for an old molecule. Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 7, 517\u2013528."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_043_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c43Aa","unstructured":"Seymour, J.M., Spruit, M.A., Hopkinson, N.S., Natanek, S.A., Man, W.D., Jackson, A., Gosker, H.R., Schols, A.M., Moxham, J., Polkey, M.I., et al. (2010) The prevalence of quadriceps weakness in COPD and the relationship with disease severity. Eur. Respir. J. 36, 81\u201388."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_044_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c44Aa","unstructured":"Shrikrishna, D., Patel, M., Tanner, R.J., Seymour, J.M., Connolly, B.A., Puthucheary, Z.A., Walsh, S.L., Bloch, S.A., Sidhu, P.S., Hart, N., et al. (2012) Quadriceps wasting and physical inactivity in patients with COPD. Eur. Respir. J. 40, 1115\u20131122."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_045_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c45Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Swallow, E.B., Reyes, D., Hopkinson, N.S., Man, W.D., Porcher, R., Cetti, E.J., Moore, A.J., Moxham, J., and Polkey, M.I. (2007) Quadriceps strength predicts mortality in patients with moderate to severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Thorax 62, 115\u2013120.","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2006.062026"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_046_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c46Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Szabo, C., Ischiropoulos, H., and Radi, R. (2007) Peroxynitrite: biochemistry, pathophysiology and development of therapeutics. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 6, 662\u2013680.","DOI":"10.1038\/nrd2222"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_047_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c47Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Toth, M.J., Miller, M.S., Callahan, D.M., Sweeny, A.P., Nunez, I., Grunberg, S.M., Der-Torossian, H., Couch, M.E., and Dittus, K. (2013) Molecular mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle weakness in human cancer: reduced myosin-actin cross-bridge formation and kinetics. J. Appl. Physiol 114, 858\u2013868.","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01474.2012"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_048_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c48Aa","unstructured":"Tseng, A.H., Wu, L.H., Shieh, S.S., and Wang, D.L. (2014) SIRT3 interactions with FOXO3 acetylation, phosphorylation and ubiquitinylation mediate endothelial cell responses to hypoxia. Biochem. J. 464, 157\u2013168."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_049_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c49Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ullrich, O., Reinheckel, T., Sitte, N., Hass, R., Grune, T., and Davies, K.J. (1999) Poly-ADP ribose polymerase activates nuclear proteasome to degrade oxidatively damaged histones. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 6223\u20136228.","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.11.6223"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_050_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c50Aa","unstructured":"Ullrich, O., Ciftci, O., and Hass, R. (2000) Proteasome activation by poly-ADP-ribose-polymerase in human myelomonocytic cells after oxidative stress. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 29, 995\u20131004."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_051_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c51Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vaschetto, R., Kuiper, J.W., Chiang, S.R., Haitsma, J.J., Juco, J.W., Uhlig, S., Plotz, F.B., Della, C.F., Zhang, H., and Slutsky, A.S. (2008) Inhibition of poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase attenuates ventilator-induced lung injury. Anesthesiology 108, 261\u2013268.","DOI":"10.1097\/01.anes.0000299434.86640.15"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_052_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c52Aa","unstructured":"Virag, L. and Szabo, C. (2002) The therapeutic potential of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors. Pharmacol. Rev. 54, 375\u2013429."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_053_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c53Aa","unstructured":"Vogelmeier, C.F., Criner, G.J., Martinez, F.J., Anzueto, A., Barnes, P.J., Bourbeau, J., Celli, B.R., Chen, R., Decramer, M., Fabbri, L.M., et al. (2017) Global strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of chronic obstructive lung disease 2017 report: gold executive summary. Arch. Bronconeumol. 53, 128\u2013149."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_054_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c54Aa","unstructured":"Wang, H., Hertlein, E., Bakkar, N., Sun, H., Acharyya, S., Wang, J., Carathers, M., Davuluri, R., and Guttridge, D.C. (2007) NF-\u03baB regulation of YY1 inhibits skeletal myogenesis through transcriptional silencing of myofibrillar genes. Mol. Cell Biol. 27, 4374\u20134387."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_055_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c55Aa","unstructured":"White, J.P., Baynes, J.W., Welle, S.L., Kostek, M.C., Matesic, L.E., Sato, S., and Carson, J.A. (2011) The regulation of skeletal muscle protein turnover during the progression of cancer cachexia in the Apc(Min\/+) mouse. PLoS One 6, e24650."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_056_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c56Aa","unstructured":"Yelamos, J., Farres, J., Llacuna, L., Ampurdanes, C., and Martin-Caballero, J. (2011) PARP-1 and PARP-2: new players in tumour development. Am. J. Cancer Res. 1, 328\u2013346."},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_057_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c57Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, C.L., McKinsey, T.A., and Olson, E.N. (2002) Association of class II histone deacetylases with heterochromatin protein 1: potential role for histone methylation in control of muscle differentiation. Mol. Cell Biol. 22, 7302\u20137312.","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.22.20.7302-7312.2002"},{"key":"2021021300404668740_j_hsz-2017-0158_ref_058_w2aab3b7c32b1b6b1ab2b2c58Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zheng, J., Devalaraja-Narashimha, K., Singaravelu, K., and Padanilam, B.J. (2005) Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 gene ablation protects mice from ischemic renal injury. Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol. 288, F387\u2013F398.","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00436.2003"}],"container-title":["Biological Chemistry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/view\/j\/bchm.2018.399.issue-2\/hsz-2017-0158\/hsz-2017-0158.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/hsz-2017-0158\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/hsz-2017-0158\/html","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,27]],"date-time":"2021-02-27T22:51:59Z","timestamp":1614466319000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/hsz-2017-0158\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,10]]},"references-count":58,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,26]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1515\/hsz-2017-0158"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/hsz-2017-0158","relation":{},"ISSN":["1437-4315","1431-6730"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1437-4315","type":"electronic"},{"value":"1431-6730","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,10]]}}}