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Pretreatment of noninfectious virions with human KLK5 increased infectivity of Scotland IAV in MDCK cells and triggered influenza pneumonia in mice. These effects were not observed with the PR8 IAV. Molecular modeling and <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> enzymatic studies of peptide substrates and recombinant HAs revealed that the sequences around the cleavage site do not represent the sole determinant of the KLK5 preference for the H3N2 subtype. Using mouse Klk5 and Klk5-deficient mice, we demonstrated <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> that the mouse ortholog protease is not an IAV activating enzyme. This may be explained by unfavorable interactions between H3 HA and mKlk5. Our data highlight the limitations of some approaches used to identify IAV-activating proteases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/hsz-2017-0340","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,19]],"date-time":"2018-06-19T22:15:46Z","timestamp":1529446546000},"page":"1053-1064","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Kallikrein-related peptidase 5 and seasonal influenza viruses, limitations of the experimental models for activating proteases"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"399","author":[{"given":"M\u00e9lia","family":"Magnen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U1100, Centre d\u2019Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine , F-37032 Tours , France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Tours , F-37032 Tours , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brigitta Margit","family":"Els\u00e4sser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences , University of Salzburg , A-5020 Salzburg , Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Zbodakova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases , Division BIOCEV, Institute of Molecular Genetics , CZ-25250 Vestec , Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Petr","family":"Kasparek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases , Division BIOCEV, Institute of Molecular Genetics , CZ-25250 Vestec , Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabien","family":"Gueugnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U1100, Centre d\u2019Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine , F-37032 Tours , France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Tours , F-37032 Tours , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agn\u00e8s","family":"Petit-Courty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U1100, Centre d\u2019Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine , F-37032 Tours , France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Tours , F-37032 Tours , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Radislav","family":"Sedlacek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Transgenic Models of Diseases , Division BIOCEV, Institute of Molecular Genetics , CZ-25250 Vestec , Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2430-1970","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Goettig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences , University of Salzburg , A-5020 Salzburg , Austria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yves","family":"Courty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"INSERM U1100, Centre d\u2019Etude des Pathologies Respiratoires, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine , F-37032 Tours , France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Tours , F-37032 Tours , France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023040406471114910_j_hsz-2017-0340_ref_001_w2aab3b7c50b1b6b1ab2b1b1Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beliveau, F., Desilets, A., and Leduc, R. 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