{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T16:48:55Z","timestamp":1793033335545,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000070","name":"National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5R44EB019856-03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5R44EB019856-03"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000070","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_iss-2023-0003_abs_001\">\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Intraoperative monitoring of blood flow (BF) remains vital to guiding surgical decisions. Here, we report the use of SurgeON\u2122 Blood Flow Monitor (BFM), a prototype system that attaches to surgical microscopes and implements laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI) to noninvasively obtain and present vascular BF information in real-time within the microscope\u2019s eyepiece.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_iss-2023-0003_abs_002\">\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The ability of SurgeON BFM to monitor BF status during reversible vascular occlusion procedures was investigated in two large animal models: occlusion of saphenous veins in six NZW rabbit hindlimbs and clipping of middle cerebral artery (MCA) branches in four Dorset sheep brain hemispheres. SurgeON BFM acquired, presented, and stored LSCI-based blood flow velocity index (BFVi) data and performed indocyanine green video angiography (ICG-VA) for corroboration.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_iss-2023-0003_abs_003\">\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Stored BFVi data were analyzed for each phase: pre-occlusion (baseline), with the vessel occluded (occlusion), and after reversal of occlusion (re-perfusion). In saphenous veins, BFVi relative to baseline reduced to 5.2\u00b13.7\u202f% during occlusion and returned to 102.9\u00b114.9\u202f% during re-perfusion. Unlike ICG-VA, SurgeON BFM was able to monitor reduced BFVi and characterize re-perfusion robustly during five serial occlusion procedures conducted 2\u20135\u202fmin apart on the same vessel. Across four sheep MCA vessels, BFVi reduced to 18.6\u00b17.7\u202f% and returned to 120.1\u00b127.8\u202f% of baseline during occlusion and re-perfusion phases, respectively.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_iss-2023-0003_abs_004\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>SurgeON BFM can noninvasively monitor vascular occlusion status and provide intuitive visualization of BF information in real-time to an operating surgeon. This technology may find application in vascular, plastic, and neurovascular surgery.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/iss-2023-0003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,25]],"date-time":"2024-03-25T16:40:56Z","timestamp":1711384856000},"page":"25-35","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Realtime assessment of vascular occlusion and reperfusion in animal models of intraoperative imaging\u00a0\u2013 a pilot study"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Jayanth","family":"Kandukuri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vasoptic Medical, Inc. , Columbia , MD , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aseem","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vasoptic Medical, Inc. , Columbia , MD , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parag","family":"Karmarkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vasoptic Medical, Inc. , Columbia , MD , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hrishikesh","family":"Gadagkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vasoptic Medical, Inc. , Columbia , MD , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harold","family":"Aberman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Noble Life Sciences, Inc. , Sykesville , MD , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qihong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Rege","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vasoptic Medical, Inc. , Columbia , MD , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024053007251098442_j_iss-2023-0003_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nakayama, N, Kuroda, S, Houkin, K, Takikawa, S, Abe, H. 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