{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T12:10:24Z","timestamp":1765541424977,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jbcpp-2020-0037_abs_001\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Exposure to arsenic and hexavalent chromium is a major public health concern especially in the developing part of the world and there is paucity of information on reliable treatment modalilities. It is in this regard that this study evaluates the efficacy of methanol leaf extract of\n                      <jats:italic>Rauvolfia vomitoria<\/jats:italic>\n                      (MRV) when used as pretreatment agent against potassium dichromate (K\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      Cr\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>7<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) and sodium arsenite (NaAsO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) exposure.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jbcpp-2020-0037_abs_002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Swiss albino mice between 7 and 10\u00a0weeks old were divided into eight cohorts of five animals each. Treatment groups consisted of a distilled water control, MRV alone (275\u00a0mg\/kg po daily), K\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      Cr\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>7<\/jats:sub>\n                      (12.0\u00a0mg\/kg, single ip injection) +\/\u2212 MRV pretreatment, NaAsO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      (2.5\u00a0mg\/kg, single ip injection) +\/\u2212 MRV pretreatment, Na\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      AsO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      \u00a0+\u00a0K\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      Cr\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>7<\/jats:sub>\n                      +\/\u2212 MRV pretreatment. MRV was given for seven consecutive days, while K\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      Cr\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>7<\/jats:sub>\n                      and NaAsO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      were injected on day seven of the experiment. The frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (mPCEs) was determined in bone marrow cells, while aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities were assessed in the plasma. Hepatic glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) levels were also determined.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jbcpp-2020-0037_abs_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The NaAsO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      and K\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      Cr\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>7<\/jats:sub>\n                      significantly (p&lt;0.05) increased mPCE formation, AST, ALT, and CAT when compared with the control. Simultaneous exposure to NaAsO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      and K\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      Cr\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>7<\/jats:sub>\n                      further increased the levels of the markers. Furthermore, GSH and GST were significantly reduced by NaAsO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      or K\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      Cr\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>7<\/jats:sub>\n                      or their combination. Pretreatment with MRV reversed the markers towards that of control.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jbcpp-2020-0037_abs_004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Methanol extract of\n                      <jats:italic>Rauvolfia vomitoria<\/jats:italic>\n                      may therefore ameliorate NaAsO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      and K\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      Cr\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      O\n                      <jats:sub>7<\/jats:sub>\n                      -induced toxicities via reduction of oxidative stress and fortification of anti-oxidant system.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jbcpp-2020-0037","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]],"date-time":"2021-01-14T02:21:33Z","timestamp":1610590893000},"page":"255-264","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Attenuation of potassium dichromate and sodium arsenite toxicities by methanol extract of\n                    <i>Rauvolfia vomitoria<\/i>\n                    in mice"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Kazeem A.","family":"Akinwumi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry , Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences and Food Sciences , Bells University of Technology , Ota , Ogun State , Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3393-5449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael A.","family":"Gbadegesin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry , Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jumoke A.","family":"Aboyewa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical Sciences and Food Sciences , Bells University of Technology , Ota , Ogun State , Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences , Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology , Cape Town , South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oyeronke A.","family":"Odunola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry , Cancer Research and Molecular Biology Laboratories, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan , Ibadan , Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,21]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Proctor, DM, Suh, M, Mittal, L, Hirsch, S, Valdes, SR, Bartlett, C, et al.. 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