{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T11:35:12Z","timestamp":1765539312865,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jbcpp-2020-0465_abs_002\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Heart disease is a clinical condition characterized by specific signs such as joint inflammation, weakness, and shortness of breath. Left ventricular remodeling can be experienced by patients with heart failure wherein a change in myocyte and nonmyocyte components occurs. One of the biomarkers in heart disease with myocardial fibrosis is matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Common therapy that is often given to patients with heart failure is ACE inhibitors. This main objective of this research is to investigate the effect of ACE inhibitor therapy on the degrees of MMP-9 as a biomarker among patients with heart disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jbcpp-2020-0465_abs_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This research applied one group pretest\u2013posttest design to analyze the variation in the levels of MMP-9 as a biomarker for heart function. Twenty-three subjects with acute heart disease met that inclusion also exclusion criteria, who were selected using nonrandom sampling. Statistical analysis was conducted to specify the levels of MMP-9 before, after the administration of therapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jbcpp-2020-0465_abs_004\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The most widely used ACE inhibitor drug was ramipril for 15 patients (65%), and the least used ACE Inhibitor drug was captopril for two patients (9%). Meanwhile, the mean MMP-9 levels before therapy was (1,915.26\u00a0pg\/mL\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0260.84), and the mean MMP-9 levels after therapy was (1,916.93\u00a0pg\/mL\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0383.12). The statistical analysis result revealed no significant difference in the degrees of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 accumulation (p=0.378).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jbcpp-2020-0465_abs_005\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There was no significant reduction in the levels of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 after pretest and posttest.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jbcpp-2020-0465","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,2]],"date-time":"2021-07-02T12:45:59Z","timestamp":1625229959000},"page":"447-451","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Analysis of matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels among acute heart failure patients with ACE inhibitor therapy (Dr. Soetomo Regional General Hospital, Surabaya)"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Ira","family":"Purbosari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy , Universitas PGRI Adi Buana , Surabaya , Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bambang Zubakti","family":"Zulkarnain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy , Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University , Surabaya , Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muh","family":"Aminuddin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology and Vascular , Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University , Surabaya , Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Umi","family":"Fatmawati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy , Universitas PGRI Madiun , Madiun , Indonesia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121209024979839_j_jbcpp-2020-0465_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yancy, CW, Jessup, M, Bozkurt, B, Butler, J, Casey, DE, Colvin, MM, et al.. 2017 ACC\/AHA\/HFSA focused update of the 2013 ACC\/AHA guideline for the management of heart failure a report of the American College of Cardiology\/American Heart Association task force on clinical practice guidelines and Heart Failure Society America. 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