{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T15:40:07Z","timestamp":1766158807829,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,26]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n Cardiac output (CO) measurements employing the direct Fick principle represent the gold standard in right-sided heart catheterization (RHC). The current widespread approach in hemodynamic workup however uses the indirect Fick principle with assumed values for oxygen uptake (VO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n ) leading to incorrect CO values in up to 25% of patients. We have tested a contemporary breath-by-breath gas analyzer that allows precise real-time measurements of VO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n with appropriate time and effort to serve the direct Fick principle.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n By means of a small and mobile metabolic cart assembled with widely used components of a standard spiroergometer, we performed bedside measurements of individual VO\n 2.<\/jats:sub>\n In 33 unselected, consecutive patients with various indications for RHC we compared CO values derived from indirect vs. direct Fick calculations.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n In 28 of the 33 patients, VO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n measurements were completed with a plausible dataset within a median of 3.2 (interquartile range 2.8\u20136.2) min. In nine of the 28 patients, CO values based on measured VO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n values differed by more than 20% from CO calculations based on assumed VO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n values with value deviations scattering over a broad range in both directions (maximally +52% to minimally\u00a0\u221246%).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n \n The bedside measurement of VO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n for gold standard CO determination is technically feasible within a few min and can thus be easily included in any RHC protocol. As modern therapy for numerus indications demand a precise upfront measurement of hemodynamics, our method might help to correctly identify patients for costly therapies.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jbcpp-2021-0293","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,7]],"date-time":"2022-01-07T09:19:30Z","timestamp":1641547170000},"page":"639-644","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Modern gold standard of cardiac output measurement\u00a0\u2013 A simplified bedside measurement of individual oxygen uptake in the cath lab"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"33","author":[{"given":"Georg","family":"Schm\u00fccker","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Kardiologie , Herz- und Gef\u00e4\u00dfzentrum Bad Bevensen , Bad Bevensen , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christof","family":"Burgdorf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Kardiologie , Herz- und Gef\u00e4\u00dfzentrum Bad Bevensen , Bad Bevensen , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan-Henrik","family":"Blohm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Kardiologie , Herz- und Gef\u00e4\u00dfzentrum Bad Bevensen , Bad Bevensen , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mathias","family":"Bugno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Kardiologie , Herz- und Gef\u00e4\u00dfzentrum Bad Bevensen , Bad Bevensen , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathrin","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Kardiologie , Herz- und Gef\u00e4\u00dfzentrum Bad Bevensen , Bad Bevensen , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bjoern Andrew","family":"Remppis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Klinik f\u00fcr Kardiologie , Herz- und Gef\u00e4\u00dfzentrum Bad Bevensen , Bad Bevensen , Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121209103706896_j_jbcpp-2021-0293_ref_001","unstructured":"Fick, A. \u00dcber die Messung des Blutquantums in den Herzventrikeln. 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