{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T19:24:22Z","timestamp":1777663462772,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,24]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Neuropathic pain (NP) is a common condition accompanied by nerve injury. To date, there is no definite treatment approved for this disorder. In addition, many drugs that are used for NP cause adverse reactions. Luteolin is a naturally occurring flavonoid with diverse pharmacological properties such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anticancer. We sought to investigate luteolin effects on chronic, acute and neuropathic pain as well as its potential to increase morphine anti-nociceptive effects in mice.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n Albino mice (20\u201325\u2006g) were randomly divided into 14 groups (n=7) including morphine 1\u2006mg\/kg body weight +luteolin (5\u2006mg\/kg body weight), morphine (9\u2006mg\/kg body weight, i.p.), luteolin (2.5, 5 and 10\u2006mg\/kg body weight), imipramine 40\u2006mg\/kg body weight and normal saline (NS) (0.9\u2006%) as vehicle and subjected to hot plate test. Formalin test was done in the following groups: NS, diclofenac sodium (10\u2006mg\/kg body weight, i.p.), morphine (9\u2006mg\/kg body weight, i.p.) and luteolin (2.5, 5 and 10\u2006mg\/kg body weight).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Administration of luteolin single dose (5 and 10\u2006mg\/kg body weight) significantly reduced neuropathic pain (\n \n \n \n \n \n p<\/m:mi>\n <\/m:mrow>\n <<\/m:mo>\n 0.05<\/m:mn>\n <\/m:math>\n $\\rm{p}<0.05$<\/jats:tex-math>\n <\/jats:alternatives>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n ) in comparison to negative control. Anti-nociceptive effects of luteolin were comparable to imipramine as the standard positive control (\n \n \n \n \n \n p<\/m:mi>\n <\/m:mrow>\n <<\/m:mo>\n 0.001<\/m:mn>\n <\/m:math>\n $\\rm{p}<0.001$<\/jats:tex-math>\n <\/jats:alternatives>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n ). Co-administration of luteolin and morphine potentiated morphine 1\u2006mg\/kg body weight painkilling effects (\n \n \n \n \n \n p<\/m:mi>\n <\/m:mrow>\n <<\/m:mo>\n 0.001<\/m:mn>\n <\/m:math>\n $\\rm{p}<0.001$<\/jats:tex-math>\n <\/jats:alternatives>\n <\/jats:inline-formula>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Our results showed that luteolin alone reduces neuropathic pain. Furthermore, when co-administered with morphine 1\u2006mg\/kg body weight, luteolin potentiates morphine effects. Therefore, luteolin-morphine co-administration might be a valuable alternative for the conventional treatment.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jcim-2016-0066","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,10]],"date-time":"2017-03-10T05:02:46Z","timestamp":1489122166000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Effects of luteolin and luteolin-morphine co-administration on acute and chronic pain and sciatic nerve ligated-induced neuropathy in mice"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mahmoud","family":"Hashemzaei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Zabol University of Medical Sciences , Zabol , Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mina","family":"Abdollahzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Zabol University of Medical Sciences , Zabol , Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mehrdad","family":"Iranshahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Research Center, School of Pharmacy , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ebrahim","family":"Golmakani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care , Mashhad University of Medical Sciences , Mashhad , Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramin","family":"Rezaee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology , School of Medicine, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences , Bojnurd , Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kaveh","family":"Tabrizian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy , Zabol University of Medical Sciences , Zabol , Iran"},{"name":"Medicinal Plants Research Center , Zabol University of Medical Sciences , Zabol , Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121209223129317_j_jcim-2016-0066_ref_001_w2aab3b7c64b1b6b1ab2b2b1Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu J, Xu X, Li Y, Kou J, Huang F, Liu B, et al. 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