{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T06:58:13Z","timestamp":1771657093199,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Kedrostis africana<\/jats:italic>\n                    (L.) Cogn (Cucurbitaceae) is used in South African traditional medicine and pharmacopoeia as an emetic, purgative and diuretic, and it is used against dropsy in the management of obesity.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jcim-2017-0139_s_010_w2aab3b7c50b1b6b1aab1c14b2Aa\">\n                    <jats:title>Aim of the study<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In this study, acute and subacute toxicity of aqueous extract of\n                      <jats:italic>K. africana<\/jats:italic>\n                      tuber\n                      <jats:italic>\u2009<\/jats:italic>\n                      was evaluated in male and female Wistar rats in order to assess its safety profile.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jcim-2017-0139_s_011_w2aab3b7c50b1b6b1aab1c14b3Aa\">\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In acute toxicity, the effects of a single oral dose (2,000 and 5,000\u2009mg\/kg) of aqueous extract was determined in both sexes. General behavior, adverse effects and mortality were determined for 3 h and then periodically for 14 days. The subchronic toxicity test was performed in rats. The effects of the extract in daily single oral administration at the doses of 200, 400 and 600\u2009mg\/kg for 28 days were determined. Food and water intakes were monitored daily while body weight was monitored on a weekly bases. Hematological, biochemical and organ parameters were determined at the end of the 28-day administration.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jcim-2017-0139_s_012_w2aab3b7c50b1b6b1aab1c14b4Aa\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the acute study, a single administration of the aqueous extract at the doses of 2,000 and 5,000\u2009mg\/kg did not induce mortality. Thus, the LD\n                      <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                      of the aqueous extract of\n                      <jats:italic>K. africana<\/jats:italic>\n                      (AEKA) has been estimated to be higher than 5,000\u2009mg\/kg. In the subchronic study, daily oral administration of the AEKA did not result in death of the rats or significant changes in hematological or biochemical parameters at the highest dose of 600\u2009mg\/kg. No alteration was observed in body weight, food and water intake. Liver, kidney and heart histopathology did not reveal morphological alteration.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jcim-2017-0139_s_013_w2aab3b7c50b1b6b1aab1c14b5Aa\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The results showed that the aqueous tuber extract of\n                      <jats:italic>K. africana<\/jats:italic>\n                      did not cause any death, nor did it cause abnormalities in necropsy and histopathology findings. There were no acute or subchronic toxicity observed, and this indicates that the plant extract could be considered safe for oral medication.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jcim-2017-0139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,23]],"date-time":"2018-05-23T18:16:26Z","timestamp":1527099386000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Acute and subacute toxicity of aqueous extract of the tuber of\n                    <i>Kedrostis africana<\/i>\n                    (L.) 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