{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T07:46:39Z","timestamp":1790667999955,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jcim-2020-0191_abs_001\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      An acquired melanin-related hyperpigmentation that occurs in sun exposure areas is Melasma which presents as gray-brown ridges and macules with prominent margins on the skin. The aim of this assay was to assess the formulation and efficacy of topical\n                      <jats:italic>Dorema ammoniacum<\/jats:italic>\n                      among Melasma patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jcim-2020-0191_abs_002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study was a 30\u00a0days double-blind, randomized clinical trial in Melasma with a placebo group. The study was carried out on 49 patients with Melasma attending Haji Daii Nursing Center in Kermanshah, Iran. Optimized topical formulation of\n                      <jats:italic>D.\u00a0ammoniacum<\/jats:italic>\n                      gum extract was prepared by evaluating the characteristics of\u00a0different topical formulations of this plant. Mean Melasma severity index (MMASI) instrument was applied to assess the product effectiveness and to determine the skin stains. Patients were pursued to receive the treatment throughout the 30\u00a0days trial. This scaling was accomplished before the intervention and 30\u00a0days after the use\u00a0of the herbal product. To analyze the quantitative variables, t-test and Mann\u2013Whitney test were evaluated by SPSS 21 software, and p-value &lt;0.05 was considered as the statistically significant.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jcim-2020-0191_abs_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The survey was performed on 40 female subjects (81.6%) and nine male subjects (18.4%) with the mean age of 32.18\u00a0\u00b1\u00a08.69. According to the results, the mean MSI in the drug group was significantly lower than before treatment and decreased from 86.98\u00a0\u00b1\u00a069.48 to 31.03\u00a0\u00b1\u00a032.62 (p-value &lt;0.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jcim-2020-0191_abs_004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In compliance with findings this survey revealed a positive effect of the cream formulation of\n                      <jats:italic>D.\u00a0ammoniacum<\/jats:italic>\n                      extract on Melasma. As it was represented no side effects, this formulation is appropriate for the treatment of Melasma.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jcim-2020-0191","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,11]],"date-time":"2021-05-11T23:42:44Z","timestamp":1620776564000},"page":"743-751","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The formulation and efficacy of topical\n                    <i>Dorema ammoniacum<\/i>\n                    in treating Melasma: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"19","author":[{"given":"Kani","family":"Javedan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center , Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Hydarpur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pardis","family":"Mohammadi Pour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacognosy , School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fariba","family":"Najafi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahla","family":"Mirzaeei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center , Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roja","family":"Rahimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Mehdi","family":"Gravandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Committee , Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Hosein","family":"Farzaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center , Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025121209152889845_j_jcim-2020-0191_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Grimes, PE, Ijaz, S, Nashawati, R, Kwak, D. 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