{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T06:46:01Z","timestamp":1791960361950,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jcim-2024-0469_abs_001\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Primary dysmenorrhea is a leading cause of job and school absenteeism among young females. Despite its high prevalence, contemporary medicine offers limited treatment options. Herbaceous members of the Apiaceae family, such as\n                      <jats:italic>Pimpinella anisum<\/jats:italic>\n                      L\n                      <jats:italic>., Anethum sowa<\/jats:italic>\n                      L\n                      <jats:italic>., Cuminum cyminum<\/jats:italic>\n                      L\n                      <jats:italic>., and Foeniculum vulgare<\/jats:italic>\n                      Mill., are commonly used in traditional medicine to treat primary dysmenorrhea. Currently, there is no comprehensive assessment of their therapeutic efficacy and safety. This study protocol assesses how effective and safe these herbs are in managing primary dysmenorrhea.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jcim-2024-0469_abs_002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The following databases will be searched without language restriction until May 2024: Cochrane CENTRAL, PubMed, AYUSH Research Portal, and DHARA, along with grey literature, and other sources. The risk of bias tool (RoB2) will evaluate the validity and applicability of study results. The review will address publication bias by taking appropriate measures. The review will adhere to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines for transparent and systematic reporting.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jcim-2024-0469_abs_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The review will incorporate randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing Apiaceae herbs to no treatment, placebo, medication, or standard care. It is anticipated that these herbs will significantly reduce menstrual pain severity, measured via the visual analogue scale (VAS), and exhibit fewer adverse events than nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jcim-2024-0469_abs_004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This review aims to compile evidence on the efficacy and safety of Apiaceae herbs for primary dysmenorrhea, highlighting the need for further studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jcim-2024-0469_abs_005\">\n                    <jats:title>PROSPERO Registration number<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CRD42024538888.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jcim-2024-0469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,27]],"date-time":"2025-02-27T13:19:19Z","timestamp":1740662359000},"page":"373-377","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Exploring the impact of herbaceous Apiaceae family plants on primary dysmenorrhea: a systematic review protocol"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Athul","family":"T.P.","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"534281 All India Institute of Ayurveda , New Delhi , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijaya Lekshmi","family":"R.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Ayurveda Research Institute , Itanagar , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nithya","family":"V.S.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Government Ayurveda College Kannur , Kannur , Kerala , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anju Aravind","family":"T.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"534281 All India Institute of Ayurveda , New Delhi , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shibna","family":"M.V.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"534281 All India Institute of Ayurveda , New Delhi , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meenakshi","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"534281 All India Institute of Ayurveda , New Delhi , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Galib","family":"R.","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"534281 All India Institute of Ayurveda , New Delhi , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanuja M.","family":"Nesari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Teaching and Research in Ayurveda , Jamnagar , Gujarat , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meena S.","family":"Deogade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"534281 All India Institute of Ayurveda , New Delhi , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026101405585239454_j_jcim-2024-0469_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kho, KA, Shields, JK. Diagnosis and management of primary dysmenorrhea. JAMA 2020;323:268\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2019.16921.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2019.16921"},{"key":"2026101405585239454_j_jcim-2024-0469_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Molla, A, Duko, B, Girma, B, Madoro, D, Nigussie, J, Belayneh, Z, et al.. Prevalence of dysmenorrhea and associated factors among students in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Womens Health 2022;18. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/17455057221079443. 17455057221079443.","DOI":"10.1177\/17455057221079443"},{"key":"2026101405585239454_j_jcim-2024-0469_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Armour, M, Parry, K, Manohar, N, Holmes, K, Ferfolja, T, Curry, C, et al.. The prevalence and academic impact of dysmenorrhea in 21,573 young women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Womens Health 2019;28:1161\u201371. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/jwh.2018.7615.","DOI":"10.1089\/jwh.2018.7615"},{"key":"2026101405585239454_j_jcim-2024-0469_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Unsal, A, Ayranci, U, Tozun, M, Arslan, G, Calik, E. Prevalence of dysmenorrhea and its effect on quality of life among a group of female university students. Ups J Med Sci 2010;115:138\u201345. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3109\/03009730903457218.","DOI":"10.3109\/03009730903457218"},{"key":"2026101405585239454_j_jcim-2024-0469_ref_005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wolman, I. Berek and Novak\u2019s gynecology 15th edition. J Obstet Gynaecol India 2014;64:150\u20131. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s13224-014-0538-z.","DOI":"10.1007\/s13224-014-0538-z"},{"key":"2026101405585239454_j_jcim-2024-0469_ref_006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Joon, TL, Pillai, N, Yap, CG, Jahan, NK. Obesity and female infertility\u2013a review on mechanisms (Endocrinology). OALib 2022;09:1\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4236\/oalib.1108817.","DOI":"10.4236\/oalib.1108817"},{"key":"2026101405585239454_j_jcim-2024-0469_ref_007","unstructured":"Heidarifar, R, Mehran, N, Heidari, A, Tehran, HA, Koohbor, M, Mansourabad, MK. Effect of Dill (Anethum graveolens)\u00a0on\u00a0the\u00a0severity\u00a0of\u00a0primary dysmenorrhea\u00a0in\u00a0compared\u00a0with\u00a0mefenamic\u00a0acid: a randomized, double-blind trial. J Res\u00a0Med Sci Off\u00a0J\u00a0Isfahan Univ\u00a0Med Sci 2014;19:326\u201330."},{"key":"2026101405585239454_j_jcim-2024-0469_ref_008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ju, H, Jones, M, Mishra, G. The prevalence and risk factors of dysmenorrhea. Epidemiol Rev 2014;36:104\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/epirev\/mxt009.","DOI":"10.1093\/epirev\/mxt009"},{"key":"2026101405585239454_j_jcim-2024-0469_ref_009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bajalan, Z, Moafi, F, MoradiBaglooei, M, Alimoradi, Z. Mental health and primary dysmenorrhea: a systematic review. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol 2019;40:185\u201394. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0167482x.2018.1470619.","DOI":"10.1080\/0167482X.2018.1470619"},{"key":"2026101405585239454_j_jcim-2024-0469_ref_010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burnett, M, Lemyre, M. No. 345-Primary dysmenorrhea consensus guideline. J Obstet Gynaecol Can JOGC J Obstet Gynecol Can JOGC 2017;39:585\u201395. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.12.023.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jogc.2016.12.023"},{"key":"2026101405585239454_j_jcim-2024-0469_ref_011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marjoribanks, J, Ayeleke, RO, Farquhar, C, Proctor, M. Nonsteroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs for dysmenorrhoea. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2015;2015:CD001751. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/14651858.cd001751.pub3.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD001751.pub3"},{"key":"2026101405585239454_j_jcim-2024-0469_ref_012","unstructured":"Bhavapraksha nighantu of Shri Bhavamishra English commentary by Prof. D. Shantakumar Lucas, 1st ed. Varanasi: Chaukambha Viswabharati; 2017:26 p."},{"key":"2026101405585239454_j_jcim-2024-0469_ref_013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Proctor, M, Farquhar, C. Diagnosis and management of dysmenorrhoea. BMJ 2006;332:1134\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bmj.332.7550.1134.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.332.7550.1134"},{"key":"2026101405585239454_j_jcim-2024-0469_ref_014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Itani, R, Soubra, L, Karout, S, Rahme, D, Karout, L, Khojah, HMJ. Primary dysmenorrhea: pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment updates. Korean J Fam Med 2022;43:101\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4082\/kjfm.21.0103.","DOI":"10.4082\/kjfm.21.0103"},{"key":"2026101405585239454_j_jcim-2024-0469_ref_015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Iacovides, S, Avidon, I, Baker, FC. What we know about primary dysmenorrhea today: a critical review. Hum Reprod Update 2015;21:762\u201378. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/humupd\/dmv039.","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmv039"}],"container-title":["Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jcim-2024-0469\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jcim-2024-0469\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T05:59:19Z","timestamp":1791957559000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jcim-2024-0469\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]]},"references-count":15,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,11]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1515\/jcim-2024-0469"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jcim-2024-0469","relation":{},"ISSN":["1553-3840"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1553-3840","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]]}}}