{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T17:51:40Z","timestamp":1791395500460,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jcim-2026-0122_abs_001\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) possess unique physicochemical and biomedical properties; however, conventional synthesis approaches often involve hazardous chemicals that may limit biocompatibility. This study aimed to synthesize AuNPs using aqueous extract of\n                      <jats:italic>Berberis lycium<\/jats:italic>\n                      , characterize their physicochemical properties, and evaluate their toxicological effects in albino mice.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jcim-2026-0122_abs_002\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      AuNPs were synthesized by incubating aqueous leaf extract of\n                      <jats:italic>B. lycium<\/jats:italic>\n                      with HAuCl\u2084 (1\u202fmM) in a 1:9 ratio. Characterization was performed using UV\u2013Visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 40 albino mice were divided into four groups (n=10): control, 10\u202fmg\/kg, 25\u202fmg\/kg, and 50\u202fmg\/kg AuNPs administered intraperitoneally for 14 days. Liver and kidney tissues were examined through gross and histopathological analyses.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jcim-2026-0122_abs_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>UV\u2013Visible spectroscopy confirmed AuNP formation with an absorption peak at 535\u202fnm. XRD analysis demonstrated a face-centered cubic crystalline structure, while FTIR revealed phytochemical-mediated reduction and stabilization of nanoparticles. SEM imaging showed well-dispersed nanoparticles with predominantly cubic to hexagonal morphology and particle sizes ranging from 10\u201330\u202fnm. Toxicological evaluation demonstrated no significant histopathological alterations at 10\u202fmg\/kg. Mild hepatic steatosis and renal inflammatory infiltration were observed at 25\u202fmg\/kg, whereas severe hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity, including necrosis, hemorrhage, glomerular distortion, and tubular degeneration, were evident at 50\u202fmg\/kg.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jcim-2026-0122_abs_004\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Green-synthesized AuNPs derived from\n                      <jats:italic>B. lycium<\/jats:italic>\n                      are stable and relatively biocompatible at lower concentrations but produce significant dose-dependent hepatic and renal toxicity at higher doses. These findings highlight the importance of careful dose optimization and comprehensive toxicological assessment before biomedical application of plant-mediated gold nanoparticles.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jcim-2026-0122","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T11:55:49Z","timestamp":1786967749000},"page":"448-457","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Green synthesis of gold nanoparticles from\n                    <i>Berberis Lycium<\/i>\n                    and their impact on liver and kidney health in albino mice"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Almas","family":"Azhar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Sciences , Government College University (GCU) , Lahore , Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Abdullah","family":"Butt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Sciences , University of Narowal , Narowal , Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madiha","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gujranwala Medical College Teaching Hospital , Gujranwala , Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Kamran","family":"Latif","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry , Institute of Chemical Sciences, Government College University , Lahore , Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-6558-6220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Razia","family":"Batool","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sahara Medical College , Narowal , Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umme","family":"Ammara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sahara College , Narowal , Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Insha","family":"Zanib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sahara Medical College , Narowal , Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manahil","family":"Kanwal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sahara Medical College , Narowal , Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Naz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sahara College , Narowal , Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shazia","family":"Khushid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Government College University Lahore , Lahore , Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arslan","family":"Shuja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology (IMBB), CRIMM, The University of Lahore , Lahore , Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026100716595860550_j_jcim-2026-0122_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahmad, B, Murshed, A, Zaky, MY, Khan, I, Rahman, F, Abdellattif, MH, et al.. 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