{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T19:15:53Z","timestamp":1788117353725,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781654400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"funder":[{"name":"German Research Foundation (DFG) within the Project \u201cEstablishment of the National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI)\u201d in the consortium DataPLANT","award":["39068611"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["39068611"]}]},{"name":"German Research Foundation (DFG) within the Project \u201cEstablishment of the National Research Data Infrastructure (NFDI)\u201d in the consortium DataPLANT","award":["270050988"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["270050988"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Scientific communication depends on the production of\n                    <jats:italic>FAIR<\/jats:italic>\n                    (findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable) data. Yet when datasets are shared, they remain hard to interpret across domains because annotations are tied to heterogeneous file formats and implicit semantics. We present a\n                    <jats:italic>format-agnostic<\/jats:italic>\n                    method for\n                    <jats:italic>fragment-level<\/jats:italic>\n                    annotation based on\n                    <jats:italic>Data Fragment Selectors (DFS)<\/jats:italic>\n                    :\n                    <jats:italic>URI<\/jats:italic>\n                    -addressable pointers to sub-file regions (e.g., CSV rows\/columns, JSON objects) whose meaning is defined by an accompanying explicit selector standard. DFS are aggregated into a\n                    <jats:italic>Datamap<\/jats:italic>\n                    , a lightweight schema that binds referenced fragments to\n                    <jats:italic>ontology<\/jats:italic>\n                    -backed semantics, including units and object types. Separating structural addressing from semantic interpretation enables reusable schemas and robust automation without format-specific parsing. To support provenance annotation, we integrate DFS with the Investigation-Study-Assay (\n                    <jats:italic>ISA<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) metadata model, extending data-entity references to enable\n                    <jats:italic>sub-file granularity<\/jats:italic>\n                    . We realize the model in two interoperable serializations:\n                    <jats:italic>ISA-XLSX<\/jats:italic>\n                    for spreadsheet-centric practice and an Research Object Crate\n                    <jats:italic>(RO-Crate)<\/jats:italic>\n                    Datamap profile for web-native packaging and exchange. These specifications deliver\n                    <jats:italic>fragment-level FAIRness<\/jats:italic>\n                    : precise,\n                    <jats:italic>machine-actionable<\/jats:italic>\n                    links between process metadata and the data portions they describe. We demonstrate practical applicability by introducing a\n                    <jats:italic>Spreadsheet Fragment Identification<\/jats:italic>\n                    specification, providing a standardized workflow for annotating aggregated supplementary data in journal publications, and via programmatic exploration of a real-world proteomics project.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/jib-2025-0052","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T08:02:46Z","timestamp":1781683366000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Fragment-level FAIRness: annotating scientific data and\u00a0its provenance using data fragment selectors"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Heinrich Lukas","family":"Weil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Faculty of Biology , Computational Systems Biology Department , D-67663 Kaiserslautern , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Faculty of Biology , Computational Systems Biology Department , D-67663 Kaiserslautern , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Brilhaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences , Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS) , D-40225 D\u00fcsseldorf , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Timo","family":"M\u00fchlhaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Faculty of Biology , Computational Systems Biology Department , D-67663 Kaiserslautern , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Zimmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, Faculty of Biology , Computational Systems Biology Department , D-67663 Kaiserslautern , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026083018583328972_j_jib-2025-0052_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilkinson, MD, Dumontier, M, Aalbersberg, IJ, Appleton, G, Axton, M, Baak, A, et al.. 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