{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T02:42:58Z","timestamp":1775184178828,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,30]],"date-time":"2022-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664496000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jom-2022-0085_abs_001\">\n                  <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Concussion is an acute, transient disruption in brain function due to head injury. Previous studies suggest osteopathic manipulative medicine (OMM) improved recovery from concussion.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jom-2022-0085_abs_002\">\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The hypothesis was that new-onset impairments (NOI) of neurological functions identified by Immediate Post-Concussion Assessment and Cognitive Testing (ImPACT) will improve more so after OMM than after concussion-education.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jom-2022-0085_abs_003\">\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>College athletes presenting to the outpatient academic healthcare center (AHCC) with concussion due to head injury within the preceding 2\u00a0weeks were recruited for\u00a0this IRB-approved, randomized, single-blinded trial. Consented men and women were randomized into groups receiving two OMM treatments or two concussion-education sessions to control for social effects. Preseason, Baseline, ImPACT was compared to Post-Injury scores to determine NOI. Baseline, Post-Injury, and Post-Interventions ImPACTs were compared by analysis of variance (ANOVA, \u03b1\u22640.05). Post-Injury correlations and mean changes in King-Devick (KD) scores were analyzed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jom-2022-0085_abs_004\">\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Post-Injury NOI were found in 77.8% (14\/18) men and 85.7% (6\/7) women, including ImPACT subscore indices for verbal and visual memory, processing speed (PS), and reaction time (RT). Of those with NOI, mean visual memory recovered by 50.0% following one and by 104.9% (p=0.032) following two OMM treatments in men and by 82.8% (p=0.046) following one treatment in women. Following two interventions, the mean RT in men receiving OMM improved by 0.10 more than education (p=0.0496). The effect sizes of OMM were large (Cohen\u2019s d=1.33) on visual memory and small (Cohen\u2019s d=0.31) on RT.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jom-2022-0085_abs_005\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The NOI in visual memory and RT following concussion significantly improved in the OMM group compared to the education group. Integrating OMM utilizing physical exam and this treatment was a safe individualized approach in athletes with acute uncomplicated concussions. Further research is warranted to improve the utilization of OMM for individuals with concussion.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jom-2022-0085","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,29]],"date-time":"2022-09-29T07:26:47Z","timestamp":1664436407000},"page":"31-38","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Concussion-related visual memory and reaction time impairment in college athletes improved after osteopathic manipulative medicine: a randomized clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"123","author":[{"given":"Jayme D.","family":"Mancini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine , New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine , Old Westbury , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Angelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine , New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine , Old Westbury , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reem","family":"Abu-Sbaih","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine , New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine , Old Westbury , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Kooyman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine , New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine , Old Westbury , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheldon","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine , New York Institute of Technology College of Osteopathic Medicine , Old Westbury , USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_001","unstructured":"Traumatic brain injury & concussion. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2017. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/traumaticbraininjury\/symptoms.html [Accessed 23 Apr, 2020]."},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_002","unstructured":"Austin, S, C\u00e1rdenas, J, Fee, D, Kutcher, J, Reams, N. Position statement: sports concussion. In: Position statement history originally drafted in 2010, updated in 2013, updated in 2020. American academy of neurology. Available from: https:\/\/www.aan.com\/advocacy\/sports-concussion-position-statement."},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meehan, WP, Mannix, RC, O\u2019Brien, MJ, Collins, MW. The prevalence of undiagnosed concussions in athletes. Clin J Sport Med 2013;23:339\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/JSM.0b013e318291d3b3.","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0b013e318291d3b3"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McCrory, P, Meeuwisse, WH, Aubry, M, Cantu, B, Dvo\u0159\u00e1k, J, Echemendia, RJ, et al.. Consensus statement on concussion in sport: the 4th International conference on concussion in sport held in Zurich, November 2012. Br J Sports Med 2013;47:250\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/bjsports-2013-092313.","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-092313"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mechtler, LL, Shastri, KK, Crutchfield, KE. Advanced neuroimaging of mild traumatic brain injury [review]. Neurol Clin 2014;32:31\u201358.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ncl.2013.08.002"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Prins, M, Greco, T, Alexander, D, Giza, CC. The pathophysiology of traumatic brain injury at a glance. Dis Model Mech 2013;6:1307\u201315.","DOI":"10.1242\/dmm.011585"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hitscherich, K, Smith, K, Cuoco, JA, Ruvolo, KE, Mancini, JD, Leheste, JR, et al.. The glymphatic-lymphatic continuum: opportunities for osteopathic manipulative medicine. J Am Osteopath Assoc 2016;116:170\u20137.","DOI":"10.7556\/jaoa.2016.033"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giza, CC, Hovda, DA. The new neurometabolic cascade of concussion. Neurosurgery 2014;75:S24\u201333. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000505.","DOI":"10.1227\/NEU.0000000000000505"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McKee, AC, Daneshvar, DH. The neuropathology of traumatic brain injury. Handb Clin Neurol 2015;127:45\u201366. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-444-52892-6.00004-0.","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-52892-6.00004-0"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Deshpande, LS, Sun, DA, Sombati, S, Baranova, A, Wilson, MS, Attkisson, E, et al.. Alterations in neuronal calcium levels are associated with cognitive deficits after traumatic brain injury. Neurosci Lett 2008;441:115\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.05.113.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neulet.2008.05.113"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schatz, P, Sandel, N. Sensitivity and specificity of the online version of ImPACT in high school and collegiate athletes. Am J\u00a0Sports Med 2012;41:321\u20136.","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546512466038"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Broglio, SP, Macciocchi, SN, Ferrara, MS. Sensitivity of the concussion assessment battery. Neurosurgery 2007;60:1050\u20137.","DOI":"10.1227\/01.NEU.0000255479.90999.C0"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tjarks, BJ, Dorman, JC, Valentine, VD, Munce, TA, Thompson, PA, Kindt, SL, et al.. Comparison and utility of King-Devick and ImPACT\u00ae composite scores in adolescent concussion patients. J\u00a0Neurol Sci 2013;334:148\u201353. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jns.2013.08.015.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2013.08.015"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Galetta, KM, Barrett, J, Allen, M, Madda, F, Delicata, D, Tennant, AT, et al.. The King-Devick test as a determinant of head trauma and concussion in boxers and MMA fighters. Neurol 2011;76:1456\u201362.","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e31821184c9"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Galetta, KM, Liu, L, Ventura, RE, Balcer, LJ. The King-Devick test of rapid number naming for concussion detection: meta\u2013analysis and systematic review of the literature. Concussion 2015;1:CNC8.","DOI":"10.2217\/cnc.15.8"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brolinson, PG. Management of sport-related concussion: a review. Clin J Sport Med 2014;24:89\u201390.","DOI":"10.1097\/JSM.0000000000000062"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Valovich McLeod, TC, Lewis, JH, Whelihan, K, Welch Bacon, CE. Rest and return to activity after sport-related concussion: a systematic review of the literature. J Athl Train 2017;52:262\u201387.","DOI":"10.4085\/1052-6050-51.6.06"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yao, SC, Zwibel, H, Angelo, N, Leder, A, Mancini, J. Effectiveness of\u00a0osteopathic manipulative medicine versus concussion education in treating student athletes with acute concussion\u00a0symptoms. J\u00a0Am Osteopath Assoc 2020;120:607\u201314. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7556\/jaoa.2020.099.","DOI":"10.7556\/jaoa.2020.099"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_019","unstructured":"Chappell, C, Dodge, E, Dogbey, GY. Assessing the immediate effect of osteopathic manipulation on sports related concussion symptoms. Osteopath Fam Phys 2015;7:30\u20135."},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guernsey, DT, Leder, A, Yao, S. Resolution of concussion symptoms after osteopathic manipulative treatment: a case report. J Am Osteopath Assoc 2016;116:e13\u20137.","DOI":"10.7556\/jaoa.2016.036"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Castillo, I, Wolf, K, Rakowsky, A. Concussions and osteopathic manipulative treatment: an adolescent case presentation. J Am Osteopath Assoc 2016;116:178\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7556\/jaoa.2016.034.","DOI":"10.7556\/jaoa.2016.034"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schwartzberg, L, Aslanyan, L, Angelo, N, Mancini, J, Kooyman, PS, Abu-Sbaih, R, et al.. Cranial strain patterns associated with concussions. J Am Osteopath Assoc 2020;120:601\u20136.","DOI":"10.7556\/jaoa.2020.098"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_023","unstructured":"McCombs, TM. OMT: evidence, research, and practice. J Am Osteopath Assoc 2006;106:379\u201380."},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_024","unstructured":"Seffinger, M, Hruby, R, Licciardone, J, Willard, FH, Kuchera, W, Rey, M, et al.. Foundations of osteopathic medicine, philosophy, science, clinical applications, and research, 4th ed. Philadelphia, PA: LWW Wolters Kluwer; 2018, 38:885\u2013905 pp."},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Broglio, SP, Sosnoff, JJ, Shin, S, He, X, Alcaraz, C, Zimmerman, J. Head impacts during high school football: a biomechanical assessment. J Athl Train 2009;44:342\u20139.","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-44.4.342"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cai, Z, Xia, Y, Bao, Z, Mao, H. Creating a human head finite element model using a multi-block approach for predicting skull response and brain pressure. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Eng 2018. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/10255842.2018.1541983.","DOI":"10.1080\/10255842.2018.1541983"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ommaya, AK, Goldsmith, W, Thibault, L. Biomechanics and neuropathology of adult and paediatric head injury. Br J Neurosurg 2002;16:220\u201342. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02688690220148824.","DOI":"10.1080\/02688690220148824"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Louveau, A, Smirnov, I, Keyes, TJ, Eccles, JD, Rouhani, SJ, Peske, JD, et al.. Structural and functional features of central nervous system lymphatic vessels. Nature 2015;523:337\u201341. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/nature14432.","DOI":"10.1038\/nature14432"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Umscheid, CA, Margolis, DJ, Grossman, CE. Key concepts of clinical trials: a narrative review. Postgrad Med 2011;123:194\u2013204. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3810\/pgm.2011.09.2475.","DOI":"10.3810\/pgm.2011.09.2475"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Calabrese, LH, Bianco, JA, Mann, D, Massello, D, Hojat, M. Correlates and changes in empathy and attitudes toward interprofessional collaboration in osteopathic medical students. J Am Osteopath Assoc 2013;113:898\u2013907. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7556\/jaoa.2013.068.","DOI":"10.7556\/jaoa.2013.068"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_031","unstructured":"Kimmelman, M, Giacobbe, J, Faden, J, Kumar, G, Pinckney, CC, Steer, R. Empathy in osteopathic medical students: a cross-sectional analysis. J Am Osteopath Assoc 2012;112:347\u201355."},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schatz, P, Robertshaw, S. Comparing post-concussive neurocognitive test data to normative data presents risks for under-classifying \u201cabove average\u201d athletes. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2014;29:625\u201332.","DOI":"10.1093\/arclin\/acu041"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Akoglu, H. User\u2019s guide to correlation coefficients. Turkish J Emergency Med 2018;18:91\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.tjem.2018.08.001.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjem.2018.08.001"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meehan, WP, O\u2019Brien, MJ, Geminiani, E, Mannix, R. Initial symptom burden predicts duration of symptoms after concussion. J Science Med Sport\/Sports Med Australia 2016;19:722\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jsams.2015.12.002.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2015.12.002"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, Y, Herrold, AA, Gallagher, V, Martinovich, Z, Bari, S, Vike, NL, et al.. Preliminary report: localized cerebral blood flow mediates the relationship between progesterone and perceived stress symptoms among female collegiate club athletes after mild traumatic brain injury. J Neurotrauma 2021;38:1809\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/neu.2020.7217.","DOI":"10.1089\/neu.2020.7217"},{"key":"2022122220523324731_j_jom-2022-0085_ref_036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Moy, S. Concussion in athletes: from pathophysiology to current guidelines and recommendations. Osteopath Fam Physician 2014;6:8\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.osfp.2013.05.003.2014.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.osfp.2013.05.003"}],"container-title":["Journal of Osteopathic Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jom-2022-0085\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jom-2022-0085\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,22]],"date-time":"2022-12-22T20:53:17Z","timestamp":1671742397000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jom-2022-0085\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,30]]},"references-count":36,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,30]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1515\/jom-2022-0085"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jom-2022-0085","relation":{},"ISSN":["2702-3648"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2702-3648","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,30]]}}}