{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T13:25:59Z","timestamp":1785763559617,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]],"date-time":"2025-01-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736294400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jom-2024-0158_abs_001\">\n                  <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The injuries caused by falls-from-height (FFH) are a significant public health concern. FFH is one of the most common causes of polytrauma. The injuries persist to be significant adverse events and a challenge regarding injury severity assessment to identify patients at high risk upon admission. Understanding the incidence and the factors that predict injury severity can help in developing effective intervention strategies. Artificial intelligence (AI) predictive models are emerging to assist in clinical assessment with challenges.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jom-2024-0158_abs_002\">\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This retrospective study investigated the incidence of FFH injuries utilizing conventional statistics and a predictive AI model to understand the fall-related injury profile and predictive factors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jom-2024-0158_abs_003\">\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 124 patients who sustained injuries from FFHs were recruited for this retrospective study. These patients fell from a height of 15\u201330 feet and were admitted into a level II trauma center at the border of US-Mexica region. A chart review was performed to collect demographic information and other factors including Injury Severity Score (ISS), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), anatomic injury location, fall type (domestic falls vs. border wall falls), and comorbidities. Multiple variable statistical analyses were analyzed to determine the correlation between variables and injury severity. A machine learning (ML) method, the multilayer perceptron neuron network (MPNN), was utilized to determine the importance of predictive factors leading to in-hospital mortality. The chi-square test or Fisher\u2019s exact test and Spearman correlate analysis were utilized for statistical analysis for categorical variables. A p value smaller than 0.05 was considered to be statistically different.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jom-2024-0158_abs_004\">\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Sixty-four (64\/124, 51.6\u202f%) patients sustained injuries from FFHs from a border wall or fence, whereas 60 (48.4\u202f%) sustained injuries from FFHs at a domestic region including falls from roofs or scaffolds. Patients suffering from domestic falls had a higher ISS than border fence falls. The height of the falls was not significantly associated with injury severity, but rather the anatomic locations of injuries were associated with severity. Compared with border falls, domestic falls had more injuries to the head and chest and longer intensive care unit (ICU) stay. The MPNN showed that the factors leading to in-hospital mortality were chest injury followed by head injury and low GCS on admission.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jom-2024-0158_abs_005\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Domestic vs. border FFHs yielded different injury patterns and injury severity. Patients of border falls sustained a lower ISS and more lower-extremity injuries, while domestic falls caused more head or chest injuries and low GCS on admission. MPNN analysis demonstrated that chest and head injuries with low GCS indicated a high risk of mortality from an FFH.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jom-2024-0158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,7]],"date-time":"2025-01-07T10:29:00Z","timestamp":1736245740000},"page":"229-236","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Incidence of fall-from-height injuries and predictive factors for severity"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"125","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7932-7046","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Palacio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McAllen Department of Trauma , South Texas Health System , McAllen , TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7517-4337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad","family":"Darwish","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McAllen Department of Trauma , South Texas Health System , McAllen , TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-5067-0373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Acosta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McAllen Department of Trauma , South Texas Health System , McAllen , TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6248-0505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruby","family":"Bautista","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McAllen Department of Trauma , South Texas Health System , McAllen , TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-4663-3339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maximillian","family":"Hovorka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McAllen Department of Trauma , South Texas Health System , McAllen , TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5196-8781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chaoyang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Detroit Medical Center; and College of Osteopathic Medicine , Michigan State University , Detroit , MI , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2765-1897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John","family":"Hovorka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"McAllen Department of Trauma , South Texas Health System , McAllen , TX , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, YL, Kim, H. Older adult inpatient falls in acute care hospitals: intrinsic, extrinsic, and environmental factors. J Gerontol Nurs 2015;41:29\u201343. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/00989134-20150616-05.","DOI":"10.3928\/00989134-20150616-05"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hitcho, EB, Krauss, MJ, Birge, S, Dunagan, WC, Fischer, I, Johnson, S, et al.. Characteristics and circumstances of falls in a hospital setting: a prospective analysis. J Gen Intern Med 2004;19:732\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1525-1497.2004.30387.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1497.2004.30387.x"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Murray, GR, Cameron, ID, Cumming, RG. The consequences of falls in acute and subacute hospitals in Australia that cause proximal femoral fractures. J Am Geriatr Soc 2007;55:577\u201382. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01102.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2007.01102.x"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oliver, D, Healey, F, Haines, TP. Preventing falls and fall-related injuries in hospitals. Clin Geriatr Med 2010;26:645\u201392. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cger.2010.06.005.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cger.2010.06.005"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guirguis-Blake, JM, Michael, YL, Perdue, LA, Coppola, EL, Beil, TL. Interventions to prevent falls in older adults: updated evidence report and systematic review for the US preventive services task force. JAMA 2018;319:1705\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1001\/jama.2017.21962.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2017.21962"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Krauss, MJ, Nguyen, SL, Dunagan, WC, Birge, S, Costantinou, E, Johnson, S, et al.. Circumstances of patient falls and injuries in 9 hospitals in a midwestern healthcare system. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2007;28:544\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1086\/513725.","DOI":"10.1086\/513725"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"James, EG, Conatser, P, Karabulut, M, Leveille, SG, Hausdorff, JM, Cote, S, et al.. Mobility limitations and fear of falling in non-English speaking older Mexican-Americans. Ethn Health 2016;22:480\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/13557858.2016.1244660.","DOI":"10.1080\/13557858.2016.1244660"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tucker, SJ, Bieber, PL, Attlesey-Pries, JM, Olson, ME, Dierkhising, RA. Outcomes and challenges in implementing hourly rounds to reduce falls in orthopedic units. Worldviews Evid Based Nurs 2012;9:18\u201329. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1741-6787.2011.00227.x.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1741-6787.2011.00227.x"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wilkinson, A, Meikle, N, Law, P, Yong, HJ, Butler, P, Kim, J, et al.. How older adults and their informal carers prevent falls: an integrative review of the literature. Int J Nurs Stud 2018;82:13\u201319. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2018.03.002.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijnurstu.2018.03.002"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miake-Lye, IM, Hempel, S, Ganz, DA, Shekelle, PG. Inpatient fall prevention programs as a patient safety strategy: a systematic review. Ann Intern Med 2013;158:390\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7326\/0003-4819-158-5-201303051-00005.","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-158-5-201303051-00005"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramey, WL, Walter, CM, Zeller, J, Dumont, TM, Lemole, GM, Hurlbert, RJ. Neurotrauma from border wall jumping: 6 years at the mexican-american border wall. Neurosurgery 2019;85:E502\u2013e508. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/neuros\/nyz050.","DOI":"10.1093\/neuros\/nyz050"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Palacio, CH, Cruz, B, Vanier, C, Cano, J, Scott, BG. The mechanism and pattern of injuries of undocumented immigrants crossing the Texas-Mexico border along the Rio Grande Valley. Inj Epidemiol 2021;8:58. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s40621-021-00341-x.","DOI":"10.1186\/s40621-021-00341-x"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Burk, DR, Pah, AR, Ruth, JT. Analysis of musculoskeletal injuries sustained in falls from the United States-Mexico border fence. Orthopedics 2017;40:e432\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3928\/01477447-20170117-05.","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20170117-05"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"McLean, SF, Tyroch, AH. Injuries sustained after falls from bridges across the United States-Mexico border at El Paso. Rev Panam Salud P\u00fablic 2012;31:427\u201334. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1590\/s1020-49892012000500011.","DOI":"10.1590\/S1020-49892012000500011"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kelada, A, Hill, LL, Lindsay, S, Slymen, D, Fortlage, D, Coimbra, R. The U.S.-Mexico border: a time-trend analysis of border-crossing injuries. Am J Prev Med 2010;38:548\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.amepre.2010.01.028.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2010.01.028"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Koleski, J, Aldulaimi, S, Moran, E. From dehydration to fractures: medical issues faced by people crossing the United States: Mexico border. J Immigr Minor Health 2019;21:1181\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s10903-018-0827-1.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10903-018-0827-1"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alizo, G, Sciarretta, JD, Gibson, S, Muertos, K, Romano, A, Davis, J, et al.. Fall from heights: does height really matter? Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2018;44:411\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s00068-017-0799-1.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-017-0799-1"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Obeid, NR, Bryk, DJ, Lee, T, Hemmert, KC, Frangos, SG, Simon, RJ, et al.. Fatal falls in New York city: an autopsy analysis of injury patterns. Am J Forensic Med Pathol 2016;37:80\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/paf.0000000000000220.","DOI":"10.1097\/PAF.0000000000000220"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nau, C, Leiblein, M, Verboket, RD, H\u00f6rauf, JA, Sturm, R, Marzi, I, et al.. Falls from great heights: risk to sustain severe thoracic and pelvic injuries increases with height of the fall. J Clin Med 2021;10:2307. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/jcm10112307.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm10112307"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Turgut, K, Sarihan, ME, Colak, C, G\u00fcven, T, G\u00fcr, A, G\u00fcrb\u00fcz, S. Falls from height: a retrospective analysis. World J Emerg Med 2018;9:46\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5847\/wjem.j.1920-8642.2018.01.007.","DOI":"10.5847\/wjem.j.1920-8642.2018.01.007"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Darwish, M, McGraw, C, Foote, CW, Chen, C, Sohini, V, Bar-Or, D, et al.. Border-fence falls versus domestic falls at a South Texas trauma center. Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2023;8:e001020. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136\/tsaco-2022-001020.","DOI":"10.1136\/tsaco-2022-001020"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marshall, WA, Bansal, V, Krzyzaniak, A, Haines, LN, Berndtson, AE, Ignacio, R, et al.. Up and over: consequences of raising the United States-Mexico border wall height. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2023;95:220\u20135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/ta.0000000000003970.","DOI":"10.1097\/TA.0000000000003970"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Willers, S. They don\u2019t care about people; they only care about the money\u201d: the effects of border enforcement, commodification and migration industries on the mobility of migrants in transit through Mexico. Front Sociol 2023;8:1113027. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389\/fsoc.2023.1113027.","DOI":"10.3389\/fsoc.2023.1113027"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cavazos, DR, Sayeed, Z, Court, T, Chen, C, Little, BE, Darwiche, HF. Predicting factors for blood transfusion in primary total knee arthroplasty using a machine learning method. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2023;31:e845\u201358. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5435\/jaaos-d-23-00063.","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-23-00063"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_025","unstructured":"World Health Organiztion. Falls; 2021. https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/falls [Accessed 15 May 2021]."},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Azad, S, McCague, A, Henken-Siefken, A. A retrospective study on the outcomes of injuries from border wall falls. Cureus 2024;16:e57411. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.57411.","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.57411"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Azad, S, McCague, A, Henken-Siefken, A. Increased mortality and morbidity due to the increase in border wall height. Cureus 2023;15:e51113. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.51113.","DOI":"10.7759\/cureus.51113"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Richter, D, Hahn, MP, Ostermann, PA, Ekkernkamp, A, Muhr, G. Vertical deceleration injuries: a comparative study of the injury patterns of 101 patients after accidental and intentional high falls. Injury 1996;27:655\u20139. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/s0020-1383(96)00083-6.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-1383(96)00083-6"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rey-Merch\u00e1n, MDC, G\u00f3mez-de-Gabriel, JM, L\u00f3pez-Arquillos, A, Choi, SD. Analysis of falls from height variables in occupational accidents. Int J Environ Res Publ Health 2021;18:13417. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph182413417.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182413417"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kusior, ME, Pejka, K, Knapik, M, Sajuk, N, K\u0142aptocz, S, Konopka, T. Analysis of the nature of injuries in victims of fall from height. Arch Med Sadowej Kryminol 2016;66:106\u201324. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5114\/amsik.2016.64709.","DOI":"10.5114\/amsik.2016.64709"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mikos, M, Trybulska, A, Czerw, A. Falls - the socio-economic and medical aspects important for developing prevention and treatment strategies. Ann Agric Environ Med 2021;28:391\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.26444\/aaem\/122409.","DOI":"10.26444\/aaem\/122409"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ferizi, U, Honig, S, Chang, G. Artificial intelligence, osteoporosis and fragility fractures. Curr Opin Rheumatol 2019;31:368\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/bor.0000000000000607.","DOI":"10.1097\/BOR.0000000000000607"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shah, RF, Bini, SA, Martinez, AM, Pedoia, V, Vail, TP. Incremental inputs improve the automated detection of implant loosening using machine-learning algorithms. Bone Joint Lett J 2020;102-b:101\u20136. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1302\/0301-620x.102b6.bjj-2019-1577.r1.","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.102B6.BJJ-2019-1577.R1"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chai, SS, Cheah, WL, Goh, KL, Chang, YHR, Sim, KY, Chin, KO. A multilayer perceptron neural network model to classify hypertension in adolescents using anthropometric measurements: a cross-sectional study in Sarawak, Malaysia. Comput Math Method Med 2021;2021:2794888. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2021\/2794888.","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/2794888"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mazur, M, Steelman, K, Sayeed, Z, Chen, C, Darwiche, H, Little, B. Total hip arthroplasty in the ultrayoung. Arthroplast Today 2023;23:101181. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.artd.2023.101181.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artd.2023.101181"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhou, Y, Chen, C, Cheng, M, Alshahrani, Y, Franovic, S, Lau, E, et al.. Comparison of machine learning methods in sEMG signal processing for shoulder motion recognition. Biomed Signal Process Control 2021;68:102577. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.bspc.2021.102577.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bspc.2021.102577"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, B, Chen, C, Hu, J, Sayeed, Z, Qi, J, Darwiche, HF, et al.. Computer vision and machine learning-based gait pattern recognition for flat fall prediction. Sensors 2022;22:7960. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/s22207960.","DOI":"10.3390\/s22207960"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_038","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiang, Y, Chen, C, Zhang, X, Chen, C, Zhou, Y, Ni, G, et al.. Shoulder muscle activation pattern recognition based on sEMG and machine learning algorithms. Comput Methods Progr Biomed 2020;197:105721. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cmpb.2020.105721.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmpb.2020.105721"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chen, B, Zhou, Y, Chen, C, Sayeed, Z, Hu, J, Qi, J, et al.. Volitional control of upper-limb exoskeleton empowered by EMG sensors and machine learning computing. Array 2023;17:100277. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.array.2023.100277.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.array.2023.100277"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haeberle, HS, Helm, JM, Navarro, SM, Karnuta, JM, Schaffer, JL, Callaghan, JJ, et al.. Artificial intelligence and machine learning in lower extremity arthroplasty: a review. J Arthroplasty 2019;34:2201\u20133. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.arth.2019.05.055.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2019.05.055"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_041","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Klemt, C, Yeo, I, Cohen-Levy, WB, Melnic, CM, Habibi, Y, Kwon, YM. Artificial neural networks can predict early failure of cementless total hip arthroplasty in patients with osteoporosis. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2022;30:467\u201375. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5435\/jaaos-d-21-00775.","DOI":"10.5435\/JAAOS-D-21-00775"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rowbotham, SK, Blau, S, Hislop-Jambrich, J, Francis, V. Skeletal trauma resulting from fatal low (\u22643 m) free falls: an analysis of fracture patterns and morphologies. J Forensic Sci 2018;63:1010\u201320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1556-4029.13701.","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.13701"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rowbotham, SK, Blau, S, Hislop-Jambrich, J, Francis, V. An assessment of the skeletal fracture patterns resulting from fatal high (>3 m) free falls. J Forensic Sci 2019;64:58\u201368. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1556-4029.13803.","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.13803"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Aquila, I, Sacco, MA, Ricci, P, Gratteri, S. The role of forensic botany in reconstructing the dynamics of trauma from high falls. J Forensic Sci 2019;64:920\u20134. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1556-4029.13934.","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.13934"},{"key":"2025041712171001038_j_jom-2024-0158_ref_045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tsai, WT, Hu, CI, Chang, CY. Effect of wind on horizontal displacement of fatal fall from a height. J Forensic Sci 2020;65:255\u20138. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1556-4029.14169.","DOI":"10.1111\/1556-4029.14169"}],"container-title":["Journal of Osteopathic Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jom-2024-0158\/xml","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jom-2024-0158\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,17]],"date-time":"2025-04-17T12:19:10Z","timestamp":1744892350000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyterbrill.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jom-2024-0158\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]},"references-count":45,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,18]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1515\/jom-2024-0158"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jom-2024-0158","relation":{},"ISSN":["2702-3648"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2702-3648","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,8]]}}}