{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T05:01:31Z","timestamp":1793854891362,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776902400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jom-2025-0019_abs_001\">\n                    <jats:title>Context<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cervicogenic headache (CeH) is a common secondary headache type arising from a disorder or lesion of the cervical spine and its soft tissues.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jom-2025-0019_abs_002\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) in patients with CeH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jom-2025-0019_abs_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 413 patients with CeH were treated by 30 osteopaths and allocated by block randomization to an OMT group (n=226) or a placebo group (n=187). The primary outcome was the Neck Disability Index (NDI) score; the secondary outcome was upper cervical rotation measured with the Flexion-Rotation Test (FRT) utilizing a cervical range of motion (CROM) device. Patients received two treatments over 4\u00a0weeks (standardized sham vs. findings-based OMT). Two-factor analyses of variance (ANOVAs) were utilized for the NDI score and CROM_FRT_sum, and Cohen\u2019s\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      was calculated for all clinical outcomes. A severity-based subgroup analysis of the NDI was performed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jom-2025-0019_abs_004\">\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The NDI improved by 5.9 points (11.8\u202f%) in the OMT group and by 2.5 points (5.1\u202f%) in the placebo group from baseline to final follow-up. Only the OMT group reached the established minimal clinically important difference (MCID) of 5.5 points. Effect sizes in the OMT group were large (Cohen\u2019s\n                      <jats:italic>d<\/jats:italic>\n                      =0.74 short-term and 0.87\u202fat follow-up).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jom-2025-0019_abs_005\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>OMT reduces pain and improves functional disability in patients with CeH in a clinically meaningful way. Patients with higher initial NDI scores benefit more from OMT than others.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jom-2025-0019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T12:07:58Z","timestamp":1777291678000},"page":"551-563","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Osteopathic manipulative treatment and cervicogenic headache: a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"126","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9168-0301","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stephan T.","family":"Klemm","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomechanics , Leipzig University , St. Andreasberg , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Klemm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Freiburg , Baden-W\u00fcrttemberg , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regina","family":"Semmler-Ludwig","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Institute, Clausthal University of Technology , Clausthal-Zellerfeld , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2159-7785","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maren","family":"Witt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomechanics , Leipzig University , Leipzig , Saxony , Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026102213580746297_j_jom-2025-0019_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Haldeman, S, Dagenais, S. 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