{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,5]],"date-time":"2022-04-05T23:43:19Z","timestamp":1649202199751},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"9-10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective of this study was to investigate changes in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis after recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) therapy.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Subjects included children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD).<\/jats:p><jats:p>We conducted a multicenter, retrospective study that assessed 72 GHD patients treated with rhGH during 6 months. Patients were classified into two groups: isolated GHD (IGHD; n=20) and multiple pituitary hormone deficiencies (MPHD; n=52). The HPA axis and other hormones were evaluated at baseline and every 3 months.<\/jats:p><jats:p>In the MPHD group, 32 patients had adrenocorticotrophic hormone deficiency and received hydrocortisone before rhGH therapy. In the other 20\/52 MPHD patients, the cortisol (COR) level was significantly reduced after rhGH therapy. Moreover, 10 patients showed low COR levels. In the IGHD group, COR levels also decreased, but remained within the normal range.<\/jats:p><jats:p>During rhGH therapy, COR levels were reduced, particularly in patients with MPHD. HPA axis should be monitored during rhGH therapy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2014-0097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,12]],"date-time":"2014-11-12T14:21:55Z","timestamp":1415802115000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Dynamic changes in the hypothalamic- pituitary-adrenal axis during growth hormone therapy in children with growth hormone deficiency: a multicenter retrospective study"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Limin","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guimei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wendong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4245","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0710","article-title":"AT CV TA Consortium for evaluation of corticotropin test in hypothalamic - pituitary adrenal insufficiency : a meta - analysis","author":"Kazlauskaite","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2002.17.3.443","article-title":"hormones promote chondrocyte differentiation in mouse cells and stimulate endochondral ossification in fetal mouse tibias through iodothyronine deiodinases in the growth plate","volume":"17","author":"Miura","year":"2002","journal-title":"Thyroid J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"ref181","first-page":"450","article-title":"Regulation by adrenocorticotropin angiotensin II transforming growth factor - \u03b2 and insulin - like growth factor I of bovine adrenal cell steroidogenic capacity and expression of ACTH receptor steroidogenic acute regulatory protein cytochrome \u03b2 -","volume":"17","author":"Le Roy","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref91","first-page":"139","article-title":"Jux Dexamethasone impairs growth hormone stimulated growth by suppression of local insulin - like growth factor production and expression of and receptor in cultured rat chondrocytes","author":"Leiber","year":"1998","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"539","DOI":"10.1016\/0960-0760(93)90180-5","article-title":"Tissue specific effects of thyroid hormone on beta - hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase gene expression","volume":"11","author":"Whorwood","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"ref281","first-page":"2989","article-title":"Modulation of cortisol metabolism by the GH receptor antagonist pegvisomant in patients with acromegaly","author":"Trainer","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref131","first-page":"3","article-title":"MI Down - regulation of type II thyroxine monodeiodinase in cultured cells different pathways of regulation by triiodothyronine triiodo - thyronine","author":"Halperin","year":"1994","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4245","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0710","article-title":"AT CV TA Consortium for evaluation of corticotropin test in hypothalamic - 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term safety of recombinant human growth hormone in children","author":"Bell","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref61","first-page":"167","article-title":"Effects of standard glucocorticoid replacement therapies on subjective well - being : a randomized double - blind crossover study in patients with secondary adrenal insufficiency","author":"Benson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref271","first-page":"117","article-title":"Clinical hormonal determinants and disorders of peak bone mass in children","author":"Soyka LA","year":"2000","journal-title":"review J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.1359\/jbmr.2002.17.3.443","article-title":"hormones promote chondrocyte differentiation in mouse cells and stimulate endochondral ossification in fetal mouse tibias through iodothyronine deiodinases in the growth plate","volume":"17","author":"Miura","year":"2002","journal-title":"Thyroid J Bone Miner Res"},{"key":"ref211","first-page":"4172","article-title":"Modulation of beta - hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isozymes by growth hormone and insulin - like growth factor : in vivo and in vitro studies","volume":"11","author":"Moore","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"480","article-title":"Human kidney beta - hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase is a high affinity nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide - dependent enzyme and differs from the cloned type isoform","volume":"11","author":"Stewart","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"4172","article-title":"Modulation of beta - hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase isozymes by growth hormone and insulin - like growth factor : in vivo and in vitro studies","volume":"11","author":"Moore","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011455826842","article-title":"hormone secretion in primary adrenal insufficiency : effects of cortisol withdrawal and patterned replacement on GH pulsatility and circadian rhythmicity","author":"Barkan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Growth Pituitary"},{"key":"ref291","first-page":"3","article-title":"MI Down - regulation of type II thyroxine monodeiodinase in cultured cells different pathways of regulation by triiodothyronine triiodo - thyronine","author":"Halperin","year":"1994","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref121","first-page":"2989","article-title":"Modulation of cortisol metabolism by the GH receptor antagonist pegvisomant in patients with acromegaly","author":"Trainer","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref161","first-page":"95","article-title":"Long - term safety of recombinant human growth hormone in children","author":"Bell","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"450","article-title":"Regulation by adrenocorticotropin angiotensin II transforming growth factor - \u03b2 and insulin - like growth factor I of bovine adrenal cell steroidogenic capacity and expression of ACTH receptor steroidogenic acute regulatory protein cytochrome \u03b2 -","volume":"17","author":"Le Roy","year":"2000","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1011455826842","article-title":"hormone secretion in primary adrenal insufficiency : effects of cortisol withdrawal and patterned replacement on GH pulsatility and circadian rhythmicity","author":"Barkan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Growth Pituitary"},{"key":"ref201","first-page":"480","article-title":"Human kidney beta - 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