{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T15:17:06Z","timestamp":1761059826285},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"5-6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diagnosis of adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) remains a challenge despite several existing criteria, and may be difficult to distinguish from pubertal changes. Different parameters to study ovarian function using ultrasonography have been proposed, but there is still no consensus about their diagnostic value.<\/jats:p><jats:p>To evaluate the role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis of adolescent PCOS by reviewing available studies that assessed the ovarian volume (OV) and other ovarian morphological features such as location and number of follicles, stromal area, and volume.<\/jats:p><jats:p>MEDLINE\/PubMed database were searched to identify studies that assessed ovarian characteristics of adolescent PCOS patients by ultrasound. Studies on adults were also reviewed if study population included adolescents and stromal characteristics were assessed by three-dimensional (3D) sonogram.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Five studies, including 262 PCOS adolescents (10\u201319 years of age) and two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound analysis, were identified. Mean OV was 9.29 cm<\/jats:p><jats:p>Pelvic ultrasound is an increasingly important aid in the diagnosis of PCOS in adolescents. Besides ovarian volume, ovarian morphology must be assessed with 2D ultrasound to look for peripherally located multiple follicles. Further studies are warranted to evaluate the utility of 3D ultrasonographic assessment in adolescents with PCOS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2014-0307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,11,6]],"date-time":"2014-11-06T17:01:48Z","timestamp":1415293308000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Is ultrasound useful in the diagnosis of adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome?"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Liana","family":"Senaldi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Resmy Palliyil","family":"Gopi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Milla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bina","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref501","article-title":"Relationship of ovarian stromal volume to serum androgen concentrations in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Kyei","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref521","first-page":"172","article-title":"AR The role of color Doppler imaging in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Battaglia","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref231","first-page":"172","article-title":"AR The role of color Doppler imaging in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Battaglia","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.20358","article-title":"Color Doppler sonographic analysis of uterine and ovarian artery blood flow in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Ozkan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref461","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)91612-1","article-title":"ovaries a common finding in normal women","author":"Polson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Polycystic Lancet"},{"key":"ref311","first-page":"117","article-title":"Reproductive endocrinology of adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome","author":"Shayya","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brit J Obstet Gynaec"},{"key":"ref281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.326125503","article-title":"ME ovarian syndrome role of imaging in diagnosis","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"ref561","first-page":"161","article-title":"Doppler ultrasound assessment of follicular vascularity in the early follicular phase and its relationship with outcome of in vitro fertilization Assist","volume":"23","author":"Shrestha","year":"2006","journal-title":"Power Genet"},{"key":"ref161","first-page":"290","article-title":"Baseline scan and ultrasound diagnosis of School Ultrasound","author":"Panchal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref491","first-page":"497","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome in adolescents","volume":"19","author":"Nicandri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"key":"ref341","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1076143","article-title":"MB Polycystic ovary syndrome : the controversy of diagnosis by ultrasound","volume":"26","author":"Porter","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin Reprod Med"},{"key":"ref531","article-title":"EH PC Comparison of ovarian stromal blood flow between fertile women with normal ovaries and infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"20","author":"Chan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref511","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2484","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.9.2484","article-title":"Quantification of Doppler signal in polycystic ovarian syndrome using power Doppler ultrasonography","volume":"17","author":"Pan HA","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref571","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.326125503","article-title":"ME ovarian syndrome role of imaging in diagnosis","author":"Lee","year":"2012","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"ref551","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.4.950","article-title":"Predictors of IVF outcome by three - dimensional ultrasound","volume":"17","author":"Kupesic","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref241","article-title":"EH PC Comparison of ovarian stromal blood flow between fertile women with normal ovaries and infertile women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"20","author":"Chan","year":"2005","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"870","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(88)91612-1","article-title":"ovaries a common finding in normal women","author":"Polson","year":"1988","journal-title":"Polycystic Lancet"},{"key":"ref331","first-page":"19","article-title":"Rotterdam Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group Revised consensus on diagnostic criteria and long - term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome","author":"ESHRE","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref351","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3108","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/del306","article-title":"Is the PCOS diagnosis solved by ESHRE consensus or could it include ultrasound examination of the ovarian stroma","volume":"21","author":"Belosi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2012-0013","article-title":"Elevated serum anti - Mullerian hormone in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome : relationship to ultrasound features","volume":"25","author":"Pawelczak","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"117","article-title":"Reproductive endocrinology of adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome","author":"Shayya","year":"2010","journal-title":"Brit J Obstet Gynaec"},{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1076143","article-title":"MB Polycystic ovary syndrome : the controversy of diagnosis by ultrasound","volume":"26","author":"Porter","year":"2008","journal-title":"Semin Reprod Med"},{"key":"ref201","first-page":"497","article-title":"Diagnosis and treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome in adolescents","volume":"19","author":"Nicandri","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"key":"ref361","first-page":"1015","article-title":"Two - and three - dimensional sonographic and color Doppler techniques for diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome The stromal \/ ovarian volume ratio as a new diagnostic criterion Ultrasound","volume":"31","author":"Battaglia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med"},{"key":"ref71","first-page":"1015","article-title":"Two - and three - dimensional sonographic and color Doppler techniques for diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome The stromal \/ ovarian volume ratio as a new diagnostic criterion Ultrasound","volume":"31","author":"Battaglia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med"},{"key":"ref471","first-page":"140","article-title":"AS the forgotten cell of the ovarian follicle","author":"McNeilly","year":"2010","journal-title":"Young Reproduction"},{"key":"ref211","article-title":"Relationship of ovarian stromal volume to serum androgen concentrations in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Kyei","year":"1998","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref371","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2008.01.081","article-title":"The role of ovarian volume as a diagnostic criterion for Chinese adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gynecol"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2012.04475.x","article-title":"Ovarian volume and gluco - insulinaemic markers in the diagnosis of PCOS during","author":"Villa","year":"2013","journal-title":"adolescence Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2009.07.002","article-title":"thickness uterine and ovarian ultrasonographic features in adolescents with polycystic ovarian syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Shah","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gynecol"},{"key":"ref421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"983","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2012-0013","article-title":"Elevated serum anti - Mullerian hormone in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome : relationship to ultrasound features","volume":"25","author":"Pawelczak","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3786","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0835","article-title":"Functional significance of polycystic - size ovaries in healthy adolescents","author":"Mortensen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref271","first-page":"161","article-title":"Doppler ultrasound assessment of follicular vascularity in the early follicular phase and its relationship with outcome of in vitro fertilization Assist","volume":"23","author":"Shrestha","year":"2006","journal-title":"Power Genet"},{"key":"ref11","first-page":"209","article-title":"Current approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome in youth","volume":"17","author":"Harwood","year":"2007","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"ref411","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2012.04475.x","article-title":"Ovarian volume and gluco - insulinaemic markers in the diagnosis of PCOS during","author":"Villa","year":"2013","journal-title":"adolescence Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0b013e32835669ff","article-title":"ovary syndrome in adolescents","volume":"24","author":"Rackow","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref451","first-page":"290","article-title":"Baseline scan and ultrasound diagnosis of School Ultrasound","author":"Panchal","year":"2012","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2484","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.9.2484","article-title":"Quantification of Doppler signal in polycystic ovarian syndrome using power Doppler ultrasonography","volume":"17","author":"Pan HA","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1097\/GCO.0b013e32835669ff","article-title":"ovary syndrome in adolescents","volume":"24","author":"Rackow","year":"2012","journal-title":"Curr Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2008.01.081","article-title":"The role of ovarian volume as a diagnostic criterion for Chinese adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"21","author":"Chen","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gynecol"},{"key":"ref481","first-page":"3","article-title":"Predictive value of ovarian stroma measurement for cardiovascular risk in polycyctic ovary syndrome : a case control study Ovarian","author":"Loverro","year":"2010","journal-title":"Res"},{"key":"ref301","first-page":"209","article-title":"Current approaches to the diagnosis and treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome in youth","volume":"17","author":"Harwood","year":"2007","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3108","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/del306","article-title":"Is the PCOS diagnosis solved by ESHRE consensus or could it include ultrasound examination of the ovarian stroma","volume":"21","author":"Belosi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref181","first-page":"140","article-title":"AS the forgotten cell of the ovarian follicle","author":"McNeilly","year":"2010","journal-title":"Young Reproduction"},{"key":"ref431","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3786","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2006-0835","article-title":"Functional significance of polycystic - size ovaries in healthy adolescents","author":"Mortensen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref41","first-page":"19","article-title":"Rotterdam Sponsored PCOS Consensus Workshop Group Revised consensus on diagnostic criteria and long - term health risks related to polycystic ovary syndrome","author":"ESHRE","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref541","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1002\/jcu.20358","article-title":"Color Doppler sonographic analysis of uterine and ovarian artery blood flow in women with polycystic ovary syndrome","volume":"13","author":"Ozkan","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Ultrasound"},{"key":"ref261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"950","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/17.4.950","article-title":"Predictors of IVF outcome by three - dimensional ultrasound","volume":"17","author":"Kupesic","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref381","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2009.07.002","article-title":"thickness uterine and ovarian ultrasonographic features in adolescents with polycystic ovarian syndrome","volume":"23","author":"Shah","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pediatr Gynecol"},{"key":"ref191","first-page":"3","article-title":"Predictive value of ovarian stroma measurement for cardiovascular risk in polycyctic ovary syndrome : a case control study Ovarian","author":"Loverro","year":"2010","journal-title":"Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpem-2014-0307\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]],"date-time":"2021-04-22T01:38:01Z","timestamp":1619055481000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpem-2014-0307\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5-6"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jpem-2014-0307","relation":{},"ISSN":["2191-0251","0334-018X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2191-0251","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0334-018X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,1,1]]}}}