{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:39:27Z","timestamp":1787315967419,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Thyroid carcinoma is the most common malignancy of the endocrine system and it accounts approximately 1%\u20133% of all human cancers. Among the three subtypes of thyroid cancers, medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is the most common cause of death in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type 2A (MEN2A), MEN type 2B (MEN2B) and familial medullary thyroid carcinoma (FMTC). Generally, MTC accounts for up to 10% of all types of thyroid cancers. It is one of the aggressive forms of thyroid carcinoma which is manifested in childhood ages more than adults, and it comprises about 17% of all pediatric thyroid cancer. Like the other cancers, prevention of MTC is easier than its cure. In the recent decades (from 1993) the diagnosis of asymptomatic child carrying<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2015-0309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,14]],"date-time":"2016-03-14T11:03:50Z","timestamp":1457953430000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Medullary thyroid carcinoma: a review on ethical considerations in treatment of children"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Zahra","family":"Nozhat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mehdi","family":"Hedayati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1089\/thy.2008.0403","article-title":"Medullary thyroid cancer: management guidelines of the American Thyroid 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