{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T10:02:07Z","timestamp":1790330527709,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":100,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"0","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,21]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Reports on the secular trend of pubertal onset indicate a recent earlier start especially in girls. Bisphenol A (BPA), which posses estrogenic activity, might be a cause of advanced puberty. The objective of the study was to determine the association between BPA and advanced puberty.<\/jats:p><jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with advanced puberty (n=41) compared to age-matched controls (n=47). Anthropometric measurements, estradiol, basal and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)-stimulated follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) levels, uterine sizes, ovarian diameters and bone ages were obtained. Urinary BPA concentrations were analyzed by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC\/MSMS) with the lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) of 0.05 ng\/mL.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The median adjust-BPA concentration in advanced puberty group was higher than in control groups [1.44 vs. 0.59 \u03bcg\/g creatinine (Cr): p&lt;0.05]. We also found that the median adjust-BPA concentration in girls with advanced puberty who were overweight\/obese, was greater than in the normal pubertal overweight\/obese girls (1.74 vs. 0.59 \u03bcg\/g Cr: p&lt;0.05), and was in the same trend among normal weight girls with advanced and normal puberty (0.83 vs. 0.49 \u03bcg\/g Cr: p=0.09), but not statistically significant.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The present findings suggest that BPA exposure appears to be related to an earlier age at onset of puberty especially in obese girls.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2015-0326","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,21]],"date-time":"2016-01-21T11:48:59Z","timestamp":1453376939000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Increased levels of bisphenol A (BPA) in Thai girls with precocious puberty"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"0","author":[{"given":"Vichit","family":"Supornsilchai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chutima","family":"Jantarat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wichit","family":"Nosoognoen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sopon","family":"Pornkunwilai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suttipong","family":"Wacharasindhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olle","family":"Soder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref101","first-page":"859","article-title":"The age of onset of pubertal development in healthy Thai girls in Khon Kaen, Thailand","volume":"6","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian Biomedicine"},{"key":"ref801","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1001\/2012.jama.11461","article-title":"Association between urinary bisphenol A concentration and obesity prevalence in children and adolescents","volume":"308","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref871","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2009.02.004","article-title":"Childhood obesity and the timing of puberty","volume":"20","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.109.1.45","article-title":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 growth charts for the United States: improvements to the 1977 National Center for Health Statistics version","volume":"109","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref401","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-08-0878","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism of body composition and insulin sensitivity across pubertal development in obese Caucasian subjects","volume":"160","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref681","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1080\/10934529.2013.762734","article-title":"Association between precocious puberty and some endocrine disruptors in human plasma","volume":"48","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng"},{"key":"ref351","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S208","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-1813F","article-title":"Link between body fat and the timing of puberty","volume":"121","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref431","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2610","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-2776","article-title":"Associations among insulin, estrogen, and fat mass gain over the pubertal transition in African-American and European-American girls","volume":"93","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref881","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0802328","article-title":"Role of obesity and leptin in the pubertal process and pubertal growth\u2013a review","volume":"27","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord"},{"key":"ref301","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kws391","article-title":"Urinary bisphenol A and obesity in U.S. children","volume":"177","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref521","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.99.4.505","article-title":"Secondary sexual characteristics and menses in young girls seen in office practice: a study from the pediatric research in office settings network","volume":"99","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref651","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2011.04127.x","article-title":"High serum isoflavone concentrations are associated with the risk of precocious puberty in Korean girls","volume":"75","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-014-0472-2","article-title":"Declining age of puberty of school girls in southern Thailand","volume":"10","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref591","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.2005.00556.x","article-title":"Pubertal development in Danish children: comparison of recent European and US data","volume":"29","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Androl"},{"key":"ref751","first-page":"363","article-title":"Urinary bisphenol A detection is significantly associated with young and obese Thai children","volume":"9","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian Biomedicine"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-0070(80)80005-2","article-title":"Normal ages of pubertal events among American males and females","volume":"1","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health Care"},{"key":"ref941","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2610","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-2776","article-title":"Associations among insulin, estrogen, and fat mass gain over the pubertal transition in African-American and European-American girls","volume":"93","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e65399","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065399","article-title":"Urine bisphenol-A level in relation to obesity and overweight in school-age children","volume":"8","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref491","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2013.10.011","article-title":"Endocrine disrupting chemicals affect the gonadotropin releasing hormone neuronal network","volume":"44","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/30.4.582","article-title":"Anthropometric and maturation measurements of children, ages 5 to 14 years, in a biracial community\u2013the Bogalusa Heart Study","volume":"30","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref241","first-page":"363","article-title":"Urinary bisphenol A detection is significantly associated with young and obese Thai children","volume":"9","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asian Biomedicine"},{"key":"ref571","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03347256","article-title":"Puberty onset in Northern Italy: a random sample of 3597 Italian children","volume":"28","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"ref221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1159\/000232164","article-title":"Subcutaneous gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (triptorelin) test for diagnosing precocious puberty","volume":"72","year":"2009","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"ref291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1113","DOI":"10.1001\/2012.jama.11461","article-title":"Association between urinary bisphenol A concentration and obesity prevalence in children and adolescents","volume":"308","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"ref981","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2359","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-0580","article-title":"Persistent impairment of hypothalamic KiSS-1 system after exposures to estrogenic compounds at critical periods of brain sex differentiation","volume":"150","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref831","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e65399","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0065399","article-title":"Urine bisphenol-A level in relation to obesity and overweight in school-age children","volume":"8","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03347256","article-title":"Puberty onset in Northern Italy: a random sample of 3597 Italian children","volume":"28","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"ref961","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2360","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-2606","article-title":"Modulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator sensitivity to progesterone inhibition in hyperandrogenic adolescent girls\u2013implications for regulation of pubertal maturation","volume":"94","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref631","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/16.5.1020","article-title":"Sexual precocity after immigration from developing countries to Belgium: evidence of previous exposure to organochlorine pesticides","volume":"16","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref841","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-10-0119","article-title":"Obesity and the pubertal transition in girls and boys","volume":"140","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref701","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.4274\/Jcrpe.1220","article-title":"Urinary bisphenol a levels in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty","volume":"6","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref561","first-page":"47","article-title":"Age of thelarche and menarche in contemporary US females: a cross-sectional analysis","volume":"27","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref781","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-013-9889-y","article-title":"Association between bisphenol A and abnormal free thyroxine level in men","volume":"44","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"ref461","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2005.04.005","article-title":"Effects of obesity on growth and puberty","volume":"19","year":"2005","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref621","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh292","article-title":"In utero exposure to organochlorines and age at menarche","volume":"19","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2011.04127.x","article-title":"High serum isoflavone concentrations are associated with the risk of precocious puberty in Korean girls","volume":"75","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"ref911","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-08-0878","article-title":"Sexual dimorphism of body composition and insulin sensitivity across pubertal development in obese Caucasian subjects","volume":"160","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref931","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.110.5.911","article-title":"National estimates of the timing of sexual maturation and racial differences among US children","volume":"110","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref511","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.110.4.752","article-title":"Ethnic differences in the presence of secondary sex characteristics and menarche among US girls: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994","volume":"110","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"505","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.99.4.505","article-title":"Secondary sexual characteristics and menses in young girls seen in office practice: a study from the pediatric research in office settings network","volume":"99","year":"1997","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref851","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1429.009","article-title":"Adolescent obesity and puberty: the \u201cperfect storm\u201d","volume":"1135","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.4274\/Jcrpe.1220","article-title":"Urinary bisphenol a levels in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty","volume":"6","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref51","first-page":"47","article-title":"Age of thelarche and menarche in contemporary US females: a cross-sectional analysis","volume":"27","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2605.2005.00556.x","article-title":"Pubertal development in Danish children: comparison of recent European and US data","volume":"29","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Androl"},{"key":"ref471","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2359","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2008-0580","article-title":"Persistent impairment of hypothalamic KiSS-1 system after exposures to estrogenic compounds at critical periods of brain sex differentiation","volume":"150","year":"2009","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref921","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03346475","article-title":"The effect of puberty on insulin resistance in obese children","volume":"32","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"ref211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2014.10.037","article-title":"Urinary bisphenol A and age at menarche among adolescent girls: evidence from NHANES 2003-2010","volume":"136","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"ref671","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901690","article-title":"Investigation of relationships between urinary biomarkers of phytoestrogens, phthalates, and phenols and pubertal stages in girls","volume":"118","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"ref341","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"265","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1429.009","article-title":"Adolescent obesity and puberty: the \u201cperfect storm\u201d","volume":"1135","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S172","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-1813D","article-title":"Examination of US puberty-timing data from 1940 to 1994 for secular trends: panel findings","volume":"121","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref331","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-10-0119","article-title":"Obesity and the pubertal transition in girls and boys","volume":"140","year":"2010","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref711","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2013.03.008","article-title":"Changes in steroid metabolism among girls with precocious puberty may not be associated with urinary levels of bisphenol A","volume":"44","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"ref901","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0801975","article-title":"Pubertal alterations in growth and body composition. VI. Pubertal insulin resistance: relation to adiposity, body fat distribution and hormone release","volume":"26","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord"},{"key":"ref611","first-page":"859","article-title":"The age of onset of pubertal development in healthy Thai girls in Khon Kaen, Thailand","volume":"6","year":"2012","journal-title":"Asian Biomedicine"},{"key":"ref541","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/30.4.582","article-title":"Anthropometric and maturation measurements of children, ages 5 to 14 years, in a biracial community\u2013the Bogalusa Heart Study","volume":"30","year":"1977","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"ref991","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2009.02.010","article-title":"Impact of neonatal exposure to the ERalpha agonist PPT, bisphenol-A or phytoestrogens on hypothalamic kisspeptin fiber density in male and female rats","volume":"30","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"ref01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.110.4.752","article-title":"Ethnic differences in the presence of secondary sex characteristics and menarche among US girls: the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994","volume":"110","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2008.03.006","article-title":"Environmental exposures and puberty in inner-city girls","volume":"107","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1506","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh292","article-title":"In utero exposure to organochlorines and age at menarche","volume":"19","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref411","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03346475","article-title":"The effect of puberty on insulin resistance in obese children","volume":"32","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Invest"},{"key":"ref131","first-page":"895","article-title":"Identification of phthalate esters in the serum of young Puerto Rican girls with premature breast development","volume":"108","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"ref741","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1038\/jes.2012.52","article-title":"Population variability of phthalate metabolites and bisphenol A concentrations in spot urine samples versus 24- or 48-h collections","volume":"22","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref891","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2009.12.017","article-title":"Metabolic signals in human puberty: effects of over and undernutrition","volume":"324","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref691","first-page":"9","article-title":"Study on the levels of the bisphenol A, octylphenol, 4-nonylphenol in serum of precocious girls","volume":"39","year":"2010","journal-title":"Wei Sheng Yan Jiu"},{"key":"ref171","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"912","DOI":"10.1080\/10934529.2013.762734","article-title":"Association between precocious puberty and some endocrine disruptors in human plasma","volume":"48","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng"},{"key":"ref1001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2013.10.011","article-title":"Endocrine disrupting chemicals affect the gonadotropin releasing hormone neuronal network","volume":"44","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"ref971","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1016\/j.beem.2005.04.005","article-title":"Effects of obesity on growth and puberty","volume":"19","year":"2005","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref311","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-11-79","article-title":"Association between bisphenol A exposure and body mass index in Chinese school children: a cross-sectional study","volume":"11","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"key":"ref551","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/S0197-0070(80)80005-2","article-title":"Normal ages of pubertal events among American males and females","volume":"1","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Adolesc Health Care"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1020","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/16.5.1020","article-title":"Sexual precocity after immigration from developing countries to Belgium: evidence of previous exposure to organochlorine pesticides","volume":"16","year":"2001","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"ref281","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2011.05.014","article-title":"Urinary bisphenol A and obesity: NHANES 2003-2006","volume":"111","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"ref731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1159\/000232164","article-title":"Subcutaneous gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (triptorelin) test for diagnosing precocious puberty","volume":"72","year":"2009","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"ref951","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.2174\/157339909789804332","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome racial differences in adolescents","volume":"5","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Diabetes Rev"},{"key":"ref381","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2009.12.017","article-title":"Metabolic signals in human puberty: effects of over and undernutrition","volume":"324","year":"2010","journal-title":"Mol Cell Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-11-79","article-title":"Association between bisphenol A exposure and body mass index in Chinese school children: a cross-sectional study","volume":"11","year":"2012","journal-title":"Environ Health"},{"key":"ref861","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S208","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-1813F","article-title":"Link between body fat and the timing of puberty","volume":"121","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref791","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2011.05.014","article-title":"Urinary bisphenol A and obesity: NHANES 2003-2006","volume":"111","year":"2011","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"ref481","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuro.2009.02.010","article-title":"Impact of neonatal exposure to the ERalpha agonist PPT, bisphenol-A or phytoestrogens on hypothalamic kisspeptin fiber density in male and female rats","volume":"30","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurotoxicology"},{"key":"ref181","first-page":"9","article-title":"Study on the levels of the bisphenol A, octylphenol, 4-nonylphenol in serum of precocious girls","volume":"39","year":"2010","journal-title":"Wei Sheng Yan Jiu"},{"key":"ref201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2013.03.008","article-title":"Changes in steroid metabolism among girls with precocious puberty may not be associated with urinary levels of bisphenol A","volume":"44","year":"2014","journal-title":"Reprod Toxicol"},{"key":"ref231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"632","DOI":"10.1038\/jes.2012.52","article-title":"Population variability of phthalate metabolites and bisphenol A concentrations in spot urine samples versus 24- or 48-h collections","volume":"22","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Expo Sci Environ Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref71","first-page":"951","article-title":"Pubertal development of Turkish children","volume":"21","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1039","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.0901690","article-title":"Investigation of relationships between urinary biomarkers of phytoestrogens, phthalates, and phenols and pubertal stages in girls","volume":"118","year":"2010","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"ref441","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259","DOI":"10.2174\/157339909789804332","article-title":"Metabolic syndrome racial differences in adolescents","volume":"5","year":"2009","journal-title":"Curr Diabetes Rev"},{"key":"ref771","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.109.1.45","article-title":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2000 growth charts for the United States: improvements to the 1977 National Center for Health Statistics version","volume":"109","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1007\/s12020-013-9889-y","article-title":"Association between bisphenol A and abnormal free thyroxine level in men","volume":"44","year":"2013","journal-title":"Endocrine"},{"key":"ref451","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2360","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-2606","article-title":"Modulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone pulse generator sensitivity to progesterone inhibition in hyperandrogenic adolescent girls\u2013implications for regulation of pubertal maturation","volume":"94","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref361","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tem.2009.02.004","article-title":"Childhood obesity and the timing of puberty","volume":"20","year":"2009","journal-title":"Trends Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref601","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"256","DOI":"10.1007\/s12519-014-0472-2","article-title":"Declining age of puberty of school girls in southern Thailand","volume":"10","year":"2014","journal-title":"World J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref641","first-page":"895","article-title":"Identification of phthalate esters in the serum of young Puerto Rican girls with premature breast development","volume":"108","year":"2000","journal-title":"Environ Health Perspect"},{"key":"ref531","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S172","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2007-1813D","article-title":"Examination of US puberty-timing data from 1940 to 1994 for secular trends: panel findings","volume":"121","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1263","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kws391","article-title":"Urinary bisphenol A and obesity in U.S. children","volume":"177","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref391","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0801975","article-title":"Pubertal alterations in growth and body composition. VI. Pubertal insulin resistance: relation to adiposity, body fat distribution and hormone release","volume":"26","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord"},{"key":"ref1011","first-page":"28","article-title":"Disrupted organization of RFamide pathways in the hypothalamus is associated with advanced puberty in female rats neonatally exposed to bisphenol A","volume":"87","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"ref581","first-page":"951","article-title":"Pubertal development of Turkish children","volume":"21","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref721","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2014.10.037","article-title":"Urinary bisphenol A and age at menarche among adolescent girls: evidence from NHANES 2003-2010","volume":"136","year":"2015","journal-title":"Environ Res"},{"key":"ref501","first-page":"28","article-title":"Disrupted organization of RFamide pathways in the hypothalamus is associated with advanced puberty in female rats neonatally exposed to bisphenol A","volume":"87","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biol Reprod"},{"key":"ref421","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.110.5.911","article-title":"National estimates of the timing of sexual maturation and racial differences among US children","volume":"110","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref371","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"869","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0802328","article-title":"Role of obesity and leptin in the pubertal process and pubertal growth\u2013a review","volume":"27","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord"},{"key":"ref661","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2008.03.006","article-title":"Environmental exposures and puberty in inner-city girls","volume":"107","year":"2008","journal-title":"Environ Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpem-2015-0326\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]],"date-time":"2021-04-22T01:39:55Z","timestamp":1619055595000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpem-2015-0326\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,21]]},"references-count":100,"journal-issue":{"issue":"0"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jpem-2015-0326","relation":{},"ISSN":["2191-0251","0334-018X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2191-0251","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0334-018X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,21]]}}}