{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T20:29:29Z","timestamp":1680380969150},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"0","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Childhood obesity is associated with abnormal glucose metabolism and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study evaluated the prevalence of abnormal glucose metabolism in asymptomatic obese children and adolescents, and determined the percentage of T2DM development after 3\u20136 years of follow-up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>During 2007\u20132013, 177 obese children and adolescents who had normal fasting plasma glucose (FPG&lt;100 mg\/dL) were given an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The participants were classified into four groups: normal glucose tolerance (NGT), NGT-hyperinsulinemia (NGT-HI), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), and diabetes mellitus (DM). Blood chemistries, including FPG, glycated hemoglobin, and lipid profiles, and liver function test were performed every 6\u201312 months or when the patient developed any symptom or sign indicative of diabetes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Glucose metabolism alterations were detected in 81.4% of the participants: 63.8% with NGT-HI, 15.3% with IGT, and 2.3% with T2DM. The median levels of homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) in patients with IGT (8.63) were significantly greater than those in the patients with NGT (4.04) (p&lt;0.01). During the follow-up, 22 patients (14.4%) developed T2DM significantly more from the IGT group (nine of 33 cases, 27.3%) than the NGT-HI group (12 of 108 cases, 11.1%) (p=0.022). The predicting parameters for T2DM conversion were weight status, body mass index (BMI), FBG, fasting insulin, alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, and HOMA-IR.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Glucose metabolism alteration was commonly found among obese adolescents. Factors associated with T2DM development were greater weight status and the severity of insulin resistance as shown by higher HOMA-IR levels.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2016-0195","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,14]],"date-time":"2016-10-14T10:02:21Z","timestamp":1476439341000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Progression from impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes in obese children and adolescents: a 3\u20136-year cohort study in southern Thailand"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"0","author":[{"given":"Somchit","family":"Jaruratanasirikul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sudarat","family":"Thammaratchuchai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maneerat","family":"Puwanant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ladda","family":"Mo-suwan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hutcha","family":"Sriplung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref431","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0802555","article-title":"Type II diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose regulation in Caucasian children and adolescents with obesity living in Germany","volume":"28","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord"},{"key":"ref01","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2010-0028","article-title":"Childhood obesity in developing countries: epidemiology, determinants, and prevention","volume":"33","year":"2012","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"ref231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2427","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-0709","article-title":"Prevalence and determinants of insulin resistance among U.S. adolescents","volume":"29","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ijo.0802555","article-title":"Type II diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose regulation in Caucasian children and adolescents with obesity living in Germany","volume":"28","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord"},{"key":"ref291","first-page":"172","article-title":"Impaired glucose tolerance in obese white children and adolescents: three to five year follow-up in untreated patients","volume":"119","year":"2011","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"820","DOI":"10.1111\/cen.12808","article-title":"Serum fibroblast growth factor 21 in overweight and obese Thai children and adolescents: its relation to glucose metabolism and its change after glucose loading","volume":"83","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-5448.2006.00216.x","article-title":"ISPAD clinical practice consensus guideline 2006\u20132007. 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