{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,29]],"date-time":"2026-06-29T14:10:10Z","timestamp":1782742210529,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title><jats:p>While the main role of growth hormone (GH) replacement therapy in children is to promote linear growth, GH has also an effect on lipids and body composition. There is an ongoing discussion whether discontinuation of GH treatment is associated with deterioration of lipids.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title><jats:p>We analyzed weight status [as body mass index-standard deviation score (BMI-SDS)], insulin like growth factor (IGF)-1, triglycerides, total, low-density liporptoein (LDL)- and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol at the end of GH treatment and in mean 6 months later in 90 adolescents (53 with GH deficiency, 16 with Turner syndrome [TS] and 21 born small-for-gestational age [SGA]).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title><jats:p>After stopping GH treatment, total cholesterol (+10\u00b124 mg\/dL vs. \u22124\u00b113 mg\/dL) and LDL-cholesterol (+15\u00b120 mg\/dL vs. \u22126\u00b112 mg\/dL) increased significantly higher in severe (defined by GH peak in stimulation test &lt;3 ng\/mL) compared to moderate GHD. In patients with TS, total cholesterol (+19\u00b19 mg\/dL), LDL-cholesterol (+9\u00b112 mg\/dL) and HDL-cholesterol (+4.3\u00b13.5 mg\/dL) increased significantly. In adolescents born SGA, triglycerides increased (+34\u00b151 mg\/dL) and HDL-cholesterol decreased significantly (\u22123.8\u00b17.1 mg\/dL). In multiple linear regression analyses, changes of total and LDL-cholesterol were significantly negatively related to peak GH in stimulation tests, but not to gender, age at GH start, duration of GH treatment, observation time, changes of BMI-SDS or IGF-1 after the end of GH treatment. The BMI-SDS did not change after the end of GH treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title><jats:p>Discontinuation of GH treatment leads to a deterioration of lipids in TS, SGA and severe but not moderate GHD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2017-0098","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,30]],"date-time":"2017-06-30T08:37:04Z","timestamp":1498811824000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Impact of discontinuation of growth hormone treatment on lipids and weight status in adolescents"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Juliane","family":"Rothermel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nina","family":"Lass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christina","family":"Bosse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Reinehr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5442","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002-020789","article-title":"Effect of discontinuation of long-term growth hormone treatment on carbohydrate metabolism and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in girls with Turner syndrome","volume":"87","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00399095","article-title":"Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia (syndrome X): relation to reduced fetal growth","volume":"36","year":"1993","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref561","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"147","DOI":"10.1016\/S0895-4356(97)00237-0","article-title":"Morbidity in Turner syndrome","volume":"51","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref431","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e87157","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0087157","article-title":"Effects of growth hormone (GH) therapy withdrawal on glucose metabolism in not confirmed GH deficient adolescents at final height","volume":"9","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref661","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2008.03292.x","article-title":"The GH-IGF-I axis and the cardiovascular system: 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Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref381","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3449","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-0623","article-title":"Longitudinal changes in insulin sensitivity and body composition of small-for-gestational-age adolescents after cessation of growth hormone treatment","volume":"93","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref291","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"398","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a009121","article-title":"Low birth weight and serum lipid concentrations at age 7\u201311 years in a biracial sample","volume":"145","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"ref531","first-page":"343","article-title":"Long-term follow-up of GH-treated girls with Turner syndrome: metabolic consequences","volume":"71","year":"2009","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"ref201","first-page":"274","article-title":"Kurzmitteilung zu den Perzentilenkurven f\u00fcr die K\u00f6rperma\u00dfe der 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Swedish Study Group for Growth Hormone Treatment in Children","volume":"84","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref391","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1912","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.85.5.6613","article-title":"Continuation of growth hormone (GH) therapy in GH-deficient patients during transition from childhood to adulthood: impact on insulin sensitivity and substrate metabolism","volume":"85","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref611","first-page":"744","article-title":"Serum insulin-like growth factor-I in 1030 healthy children, adolescents, and adults: relation to age, sex, stage of puberty, testicular size, and body mass index","volume":"78","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3890","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2003-031588","article-title":"Comparison of continuation or cessation of growth hormone (GH) therapy on body composition and metabolic status in adolescents with severe GH deficiency at completion of linear growth","volume":"89","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref281","first-page":"983","article-title":"Metabolic health and long-term safety of growth hormone treatment in Silver-Russell syndrome","volume":"102","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref551","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-08-0914","article-title":"Small for gestational age (SGA) status is associated with metabolic syndrome in overweight children","volume":"160","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2013-2394","article-title":"Cardiovascular risk in adult patients with growth hormone (GH) deficiency and following substitution with GH \u2013 an update","volume":"99","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2008.03292.x","article-title":"The GH-IGF-I axis and the cardiovascular system: clinical implications","volume":"69","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-08-0914","article-title":"Small for gestational age (SGA) status is associated with metabolic syndrome in overweight children","volume":"160","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Endocrinol"},{"key":"ref621","first-page":"807","article-title":"Percentiles of body mass index in children and adolescents evaluated from different regional German studies","volume":"149","year":"2001","journal-title":"Monatsschr Kinderheilkd"},{"key":"ref251","first-page":"1221","article-title":"Beneficial effects of growth hormone treatment in GH-deficient adults","volume":"1","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref651","first-page":"1221","article-title":"Beneficial effects of growth hormone treatment in GH-deficient adults","volume":"1","year":"1989","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref61","first-page":"985","article-title":"Carotid intima-media thickness in children treated with growth hormone","volume":"28","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/view\/j\/jpem.2017.30.issue-7\/jpem-2017-0098\/jpem-2017-0098.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpem-2017-0098\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,22]],"date-time":"2021-04-22T01:42:33Z","timestamp":1619055753000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.degruyter.com\/document\/doi\/10.1515\/jpem-2017-0098\/html"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]]},"references-count":80,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1515\/jpem-2017-0098","relation":{},"ISSN":["2191-0251","0334-018X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2191-0251","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0334-018X","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,1]]}}}