{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T13:22:43Z","timestamp":1782998563727,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2017-0213_s_999_w2aab3b7c10b1b6b1aab1c16b1Aa\">\n                  <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study aimed to assess determinants of anthropometric measures in a nationally representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2017-0213_s_998_w2aab3b7c10b1b6b1aab1c16b2Aa\">\n                  <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This nationwide study was conducted among 13,280 students, aged 6\u201318 years, who were randomly selected from 30 provinces in Iran. Anthropometric measures were determined by calibrated instruments. Demographic and socio-economic (SES) variables, lifestyle behaviors, family history of chronic disease and prenatal factors were studied, as well. A hierarchical Bayesian tri-variate analysis was used to assess the factors associated with obesity measures of the body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and wrist circumference (WrC).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2017-0213_s_997_w2aab3b7c10b1b6b1aab1c16b3Aa\">\n                  <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The results showed that the BMI was associated with SES score, family history of obesity, family history of diabetes mellitus, physical inactivity, screen time, duration of sleep, breakfast consumption, birth weight, breastfeeding, junk food and place of residence (urban-rural). All these factors were also significantly associated with WrC except for consumption of junk food. Many of these factors had a partial but significant relationship with WHtR.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2017-0213_s_996_w2aab3b7c10b1b6b1aab1c16b4Aa\">\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Various factors contribute to obesity. Preventive and educational programs on manageable factors such as increasing physical activity, eating breakfast and limiting TV or screen time could be helpful in controlling obesity in schoolchildren and reducing associated complications.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2017-0213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,27]],"date-time":"2018-02-27T10:45:18Z","timestamp":1519728318000},"page":"443-449","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["A hierarchical Bayesian tri-variate analysis on factors associated with anthropometric measures in a large sample of children and adolescents: the CASPIAN-IV study"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Roya","family":"Kelishadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Child Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahra","family":"Heidari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iraj","family":"Kazemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, College of Science , University of Isfahan , Isfahan , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6928-1387","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tohid","family":"Jafari-Koshki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Department of Statistics and Epidemiology , Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences , Tabriz , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marjan","family":"Mansourian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health , Isfahan University of Medical Sciences , Isfahan , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad-Esmaeil","family":"Motlagh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences , Ahvaz , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramin","family":"Heshmat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute , Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran , Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021021322312744497_j_jpem-2017-0213_ref_001_w2aab3b7c10b1b6b1ab2b1b1Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yach D, Hawkes C, Gould CL, Hofman KJ. 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