{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,5]],"date-time":"2026-08-05T00:04:54Z","timestamp":1785888294936,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9,25]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2017-0352_s_999_w2aab3b7c12b1b6b1aab1c16b1Aa\"><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our objectives were to evaluate the etiology of short stature, assess the prevalence of idiopathic short stature (ISS) and assess the growth hormone (GH)-insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis in children with ISS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2017-0352_s_998_w2aab3b7c12b1b6b1aab1c16b2Aa\"><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A stepwise diagnostic evaluation was done in 394 children aged 4\u201316 years with short stature. Children with no definitive etiology were labeled as ISS. In these children, baseline IGF-1, IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) and stimulated IGF-1 after administration of GH for 4 days were measured.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2017-0352_s_997_w2aab3b7c12b1b6b1aab1c16b3Aa\"><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hypothyroidism (in 18.1%) and ISS (in 15.5%) were the commonest causes of short stature. In children with ISS (n=61), the mean baseline and stimulated IGF-1 standard deviation scores (SDSs) were \u22121.2\u00b11.0 and \u22120.3\u00b11.4, respectively, with levels below \u22122 SDS in 13 (21%) and six (10%) children, respectively. In 33 (54%) of the ISS patients, response to GH was suboptimal (increment in the IGF-1 level &lt;40%). There was no difference in the mean peak GH, IGFBP-3 and baseline and stimulated IGF-1 levels between children with familial and non-familial ISS. A significant positive correlation of height SDS with baseline IGF-1 SDS (r=0.28, p=0.026), stimulated IGF-1 SDS (r=0.32, p=0.010) and \u0394IGF-1 SDS (r=0.26, p=0.036) was observed in children with ISS.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2017-0352_s_996_w2aab3b7c12b1b6b1aab1c16b4Aa\"><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hypothyroidism and ISS were the commonest etiologies for short stature. The baseline IGF-1 was below \u22122 SDS in 21% and the increment after GH stimulation was suboptimal in 54% of children, indicating that a substantial proportion of children with ISS had an impaired GH-IGF axis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2017-0352","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,21]],"date-time":"2018-08-21T10:35:29Z","timestamp":1534847729000},"page":"1009-1017","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Etiology of short stature in Indian children and an assessment of the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor axis in children with idiopathic short stature"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Anil","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ankita","family":"Pal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mani","family":"Kalaivani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nandita","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vandana","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India , Phone: +91-11-26594345"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021021318143797173_j_jpem-2017-0352_ref_001_w2aab3b7c12b1b6b1ab2b2b1Aa","unstructured":"Chowdhury SP, Sarkar TK, Haldar D, Taraphdar P, Naskar TK, et al. Short stature in children: experience from a tertiary care hospital in Kolkata, India. Health 2011;2:139\u201342."},{"key":"2021021318143797173_j_jpem-2017-0352_ref_002_w2aab3b7c12b1b6b1ab2b2b2Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Song KC, Jin SL, Kwon AR, Chae HW, Ahn JM, et al. Etiologies and characteristics of children with chief complaint of short stature. Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2015;20:34\u20139.","DOI":"10.6065\/apem.2015.20.1.34"},{"key":"2021021318143797173_j_jpem-2017-0352_ref_003_w2aab3b7c12b1b6b1ab2b2b3Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohammadian S, Khoddam H. An etiologic evaluation of children with short stature in Gorgan (Northeast Iran), 2005. J Med Sci 2007;7:1206\u20139.","DOI":"10.3923\/jms.2007.1206.1209"},{"key":"2021021318143797173_j_jpem-2017-0352_ref_004_w2aab3b7c12b1b6b1ab2b2b4Aa","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cohen P, Rogol AD, Deal CL, Saenger P, Reiter EO, et al. 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