{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T01:51:36Z","timestamp":1790905896669,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":82,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"0","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,17]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\nBackground<\/jats:title>\nChildren with non-acquired (na) growth hormone deficiency (GHD) diagnosed over decades in one center may provide perspective insight.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n\nMethods<\/jats:title>\nnaGHD is divided into idiopathic GHD (IGHD), GHD of known cause (cGHD) and GHD neurosecretory dysfunction (NSD); time periods: <1988 (I); 1988\u20131997 (II); 1998\u20132007 (III); 2008\u20132015 (IV). Descriptive analyses were performed at diagnosis and during first year GH treatment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n\nResults<\/jats:title>\nPatients (periods, N): I, 87; II, 141; III, 356; IV, 51. In cGHD (all), age, maximum GH, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), and insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) (5.1 years, 3.6 \u03bcg\/L, \u22125.3 standard deviation score [SDS], \u22123.7 SDS) were lower than in IGHD (all) (6.8 years 5.8 \u03bcg\/L, \u22122.5 SDS, \u22121.0 SDS), but not height (\u22123.1 vs. \u22123.2 SDS). Characteristics of NSD were similar to that of IGHD. Patients with IGHD \u2013 not cGHD \u2013 diagnosed during 2008\u20132015 (IV) were the youngest with most severe GHD (maxGH, IGF-I, IGFBP-3), and first year height velocity (HV) and \u2206 IGF-I (10.5 cm\/year, 4.0 SDS) but not \u2206 height SDS were the highest on recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) (27 \u03bcg\/kg\/day).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n\nConclusions<\/jats:title>\nAlthough during 1988\u20132007 patient characteristics were similar, the recently (>2008) stipulated more stringent diagnostic criteria \u2013 HV before testing, sex steroid priming, lower GH cut-off \u2013 have restricted diagnoses to more severe cases as they were observed before the rhGH era.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2018-0025","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,10,17]],"date-time":"2018-10-17T09:03:28Z","timestamp":1539767008000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Basal characteristics and first year responses to human growth hormone (GH) vary according to diagnostic criteria in children with non-acquired GH deficiency (naGHD): observations from a single center over a period of five decades"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"0","author":[{"given":"Michael B.","family":"Ranke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Schweizer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Binder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref251","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.19.2.0329","article-title":"The diagnosis of growth hormone deficiency in children and adults","volume":"19","year":"1998","journal-title":"Endocr Rev"},{"key":"ref591","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1007\/s00112-009-2049-z","article-title":"Leitlinie zur Diagnostik des Wachstumshormonmangels im Kindes- und Jugendalter","volume":"157","year":"2009","journal-title":"Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde"},{"key":"ref731","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ghir.2011.05.007","article-title":"Auxology-based cut-off values for biochemical testing of GH secretion in childhood","volume":"21","year":"2011","journal-title":"Growth Horm IGF Res"},{"key":"ref561","first-page":"60","article-title":"Significance of basal IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-2 measurements in the diagnostics of short stature in children","volume":"54","year":"2000","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"ref131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1159\/000284396","article-title":"Is sex hormone priming in peripubertal children prior to growth hormone stimulation tests still appropriate?","volume":"73","year":"2010","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"key":"ref601","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.1007\/s004310050707","article-title":"Magnetic resonance images of 91 children with different causes of short stature: pituitary size reflects growth hormone secretion","volume":"156","year":"1997","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref741","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.2.6084.427","article-title":"Prevalence of severe growth hormone deficiency","volume":"2","year":"1977","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"ref111","first-page":"60","article-title":"Significance of basal IGF-I, IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-2 measurements in the diagnostics of short stature in children","volume":"54","year":"2000","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1292","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-70-5-1292","article-title":"A specific radioimmunoassay for the growth hormone (GH)-dependent somatomedin-binding protein: its use for diagnosis of GH deficiency","volume":"70","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-1471","article-title":"KIGS International Board. 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