{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,19]],"date-time":"2026-10-19T17:46:28Z","timestamp":1792431988337,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is considered as one of the most popular microvascular complications of diabetes and the leading cause of death among diabetic patients. Currently, even though safflower yellow (SY) is widely adapted in the clinical treatment of DN, no meta-analysis can guarantee the safety of this treatment. This paper aims to evaluate the dominant method of SY on DN disease. The reliable source of information for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and clinical research is listed as follows: the Chinese Biomedical Literature database, Chongqing VIP, Embase, the Cochrane Library and the China Academic Journals Full-text Database (CNKI). The CNKI search included Chinese journal articles, the full-text of important conferences and dissertations up to March 30, 2017. We picked out some particularly influential outcome variables including urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER), fasting blood sugar (FBG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in each extracted study. In total, 1289 participants were included in this meta-analysis. The efficacy of SY alone or combined with Western medicine in the treatment of DN was better with statistically significant factors (odds ratio [OR]\u2009=\u20093.6, 95% confidence interval [CI] [2.37, 5.47], p\u2009&lt;\u20090.00001). We found that SY lessened the UAER, heightened the proportion of blood sugar and beneficially improved other detective indicators related to DN. Therefore, SY used alone or in combination with Western medicine was significantly more efficacious with lower toxicity than Western medicine alone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2018-0425","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,13]],"date-time":"2019-06-13T09:09:32Z","timestamp":1560416972000},"page":"653-665","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Effect of safflower yellow on early type II diabetic nephropathy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Xinchen","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yumin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenliang","family":"Chu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongying","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Mi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zehuai","family":"Wen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shijie","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shijian","family":"Quan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref741","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1002\/dmr.5610040504","article-title":"Comparative 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safflower yellow pigment","volume":"4","year":"2007","journal-title":"Northwest Pharm J"},{"key":"ref61","first-page":"8421979","article-title":"Effect of Qufengtongluo decoction on PI3K\/Akt signaling pathway in the kidney of type 2 diabetes mellitus rat (GK Rat) with diabetic nephropathy","volume":"2018","year":"2018","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"ref1001","first-page":"1930","article-title":"Shenkang combined alprostadil delayed the clinical efficacy of chronic renal failure","volume":"23","year":"2013","journal-title":"Chin Health Care Nutrition"},{"key":"ref711","first-page":"24","article-title":"Research progress of safflower yellow pigment journal","volume":"6","year":"2008","journal-title":"China Condiment"},{"key":"ref431","first-page":"552","article-title":"Study on the etiology and pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy [J]","volume":"26","year":"2015","journal-title":"Shaanxi Med 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Pharm"},{"key":"ref301","first-page":"27","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of safflor yellow combined with losartan on early diabetic nephropathy","volume":"S1","year":"2012","journal-title":"People Mil Surg"},{"key":"ref211","first-page":"5","article-title":"New diagnostic criteria and classification of diabetes","volume":"8","year":"2000","journal-title":"Chin J Diabetes"},{"key":"ref941","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0197-2456(95)00134-4","article-title":"Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: is blinding necessary?","volume":"17","year":"1996","journal-title":"Control Clin Trials"},{"key":"ref251","first-page":"986","article-title":"Analysis of 44 cases of early diabetic nephropathy treated by safflor yellow combined with telmisartan","volume":"39","year":"2015","journal-title":"Guizhou Med J"},{"key":"ref681","first-page":"729","article-title":"The relationship between serum vascular hemophilia factor, platelet activation 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statement","volume":"151","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann Intern Med"},{"key":"ref331","first-page":"360","article-title":"Treatment of diabetic nephropathy by saffron yellow powder injection and benazepril: a clinical observation of 39 cases","volume":"28","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chin J Integr Trad West Med"},{"key":"ref821","first-page":"27","article-title":"Therapeutic effect of safflor yellow combined with losartan on early diabetic nephropathy","volume":"S1","year":"2012","journal-title":"People Mil Surg"},{"key":"ref411","first-page":"938","article-title":"Early treatment of type 2 diabetic nephropathy with safflor yellow injection plus enalapril","volume":"34","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Guangzhou Univ Tradit Chin Med"},{"key":"ref611","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1080\/10286020310001625120","article-title":"Therapeutic effects of hydroxy safflor yellow A on focal cerebralis chemic in jury in rats and its primary 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injection plus enalapril","volume":"34","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Guangzhou Univ Tradit Chin Med"},{"key":"ref381","first-page":"23","article-title":"Protective effects of safflor yellow injection combined with \u03b1-lipoic acid on type 2 diabetic nephropathy","volume":"33","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Yunnan Univ Tradit Chin Med"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"C389","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpcell.00206.2009","article-title":"ROS and PDGF-beta receptors are critically involved in indoxyl sulfate actions that promote vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration","volume":"297","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Physiol Cell Physiol"},{"key":"ref561","article-title":"Dietary leucine supplement ameliorates hepatic steatosis and diabetic nephropathy in db\/db mice","volume":"19:1921","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"ref891","first-page":"5075","article-title":"Clinical effects of injection of safflower yellow in the treatment of early diabetic nephropathy","volume":"13","year":"2013","journal-title":"Prog Mod BioMed"},{"key":"ref981","first-page":"729","article-title":"Relationship between serum vWF and PAF in type 2 diabetic patients and diabetic nephropathy","volume":"25","year":"2005","journal-title":"Acad J Second Military Med Univ"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e64184","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0064184","article-title":"Identifying parameters to distinguish non-diabetic renal diseases from diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a meta-analysis","volume":"8","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"ref701","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1362","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2005111196","article-title":"Spironolactone prevents diabetic nephropathy through an anti-inflammatory mechanism in type 2 diabetic rats","volume":"17","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Am Soc 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