{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,24]],"date-time":"2025-09-24T10:29:51Z","timestamp":1758709791057,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,24]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2018-0467_s_999\">\n<jats:title id=\"d4355650e43364\">Background<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Testicular tumours are uncommon in children, accounting for only 1% of all childhood tumours. Prepubertal Leydig cell tumours actively secrete testosterone and as a result, patients typically present with isosexual precocious pseudopuberty, this being the first cause of consultation. We present three cases of Leydig cell tumours in prepubertal patients with an atypical presentation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2018-0467_s_998\">\n<jats:title id=\"d4355650e43372\">Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>We studied three cases of Leydig cell tumours in prepubertal boys, who either consulted for testicular asymmetry or were incidentally found to have the tumour in the absence of systemic signs of systemic hyperandrogenism or precocious puberty. In all cases, a well-circumscribed testicular mass was found by testicular ultrasound. The diagnosis was confirmed by histology. In all three cases, testicular enucleation was performed with satisfactory follow-up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2018-0467_s_997\">\n<jats:title id=\"d4355650e43380\">Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Following the surgical procedure, during the follow-up, all patients showed a normal testicular volume in comparison with the contralateral testis. No complications were seen during follow-up.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2018-0467_s_996\">\n<jats:title id=\"d4355650e43388\">Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A testicular ultrasound in children developing asymptomatic testicular asymmetry might be recommended due to its possible hormonal action locally. An early testicular ultrasound, testicular swelling discrepancies, tumour size and androgen production are key factors in the prognosis and management of this type of tumour.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2018-0467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,3,15]],"date-time":"2019-03-15T09:02:28Z","timestamp":1552640548000},"page":"369-374","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Atypical presentation of Leydig cell tumour in three prepubertal patients: diagnosis, treatment and outcomes"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1563-1863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miriam","family":"Garc\u00eda Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Casal-Beloy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iv\u00e1n","family":"Somoza Argibay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Dargallo Carbonell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"703","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2006.03.083","article-title":"Enucleation for prepubertal Leydig cell tumor","volume":"176","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Urol"},{"key":"ref81","first-page":"897","article-title":"Tumor de c\u00e9lulas de Leydig: enucleaci\u00f3n como tratamiento en un caso de presentaci\u00f3n at\u00edpica","volume":"65","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Espa\u00f1oles Urol"},{"key":"ref291","first-page":"96","article-title":"Ten-year follow-up in a boy with Leydig cell tumor after selective surgery","volume":"51","year":"1999","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"ref161","first-page":"89","article-title":"Leydig-cell tumour in children: variable clinical presentation, diagnostic features, follow-up and genetic analysis of four cases","volume":"67","year":"2007","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"ref101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2008.08016.x","article-title":"Leydig cell tumour of the testis: presentation, therapy, long-term follow-up and the role of organ-sparing surgery in a single-institution experience","volume":"103","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Urol Int"},{"key":"ref271","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1159\/000283055","article-title":"Leydig cell tumor-comparison of results of radical and testis-sparing surgery in a single center","volume":"59","year":"1997","journal-title":"Urol Int"},{"key":"ref221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1159\/000358084","article-title":"Gonadotropin-dependent precocious puberty in an 8-year-old boy with leydig cell testicular tumor","volume":"82","year":"2014","journal-title":"Horm Res Paediatr"},{"key":"ref261","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2008.08016.x","article-title":"Leydig cell tumour of the testis: presentation, therapy, long-term follow-up and the role of organ-sparing surgery in a single-institution experience","volume":"103","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br J Urol Int"},{"key":"ref131","first-page":"96","article-title":"Ten-year follow-up in a boy with Leydig cell tumor after selective surgery","volume":"51","year":"1999","journal-title":"Horm Res"},{"key":"ref21","first-page":"11","article-title":"Prepubertal testis tumors","volume":"6","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rev Urol"},{"key":"ref181","first-page":"11","article-title":"Prepubertal testis tumors","volume":"6","year":"2004","journal-title":"Rev Urol"},{"key":"ref141","first-page":"839","article-title":"Surgical enucleation of testicular leydigioma in a young child: case report and literature review","volume":"24","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref171","first-page":"839","article-title":"Surgical enucleation of testicular leydigioma in a young child: case report and literature review","volume":"24","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"ref91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20160151","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2016-0151","article-title":"Atypical Leydig cell tumor in children: report of 2 cases","volume":"138","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"ref121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acuro.2016.04.014","article-title":"Tratamiento de tumores de c\u00e9lulas Leydig del test\u00edculo: \u00bfpuede la cirug\u00eda conservadora de test\u00edculo reemplazar la orquiectom\u00eda radical? 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