{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,4]],"date-time":"2026-01-04T04:09:31Z","timestamp":1767499771275},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n<jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2018-0483_s_999\">\n<jats:title id=\"d3356547e28849\">Objective<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>To estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among a cohort of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and its metabolic consequences.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2018-0483_s_998\">\n<jats:title id=\"d3356547e28857\">Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This was a cross-sectional study conducted in the Pediatric Diabetic Clinic at Shaare Zedek Medical Center and Clalit Health Care Services. Background information was taken from the patients\u2019 files. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, waist and hip circumference (WC and HC), hemoglobin A<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub> (HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub>) and lipid profile were recorded. The prevalence of metabolic derangements was compared between normal and overweight children.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2018-0483_s_997\">\n<jats:title id=\"d3356547e28871\">Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>The study included 96 patients with type 1 diabetes, mean age 14.1\u2009\u00b1\u20093.7 years, mean diabetes duration 3.9\u2009\u00b1\u20093 and mean HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub> level 8.1\u2009\u00b1\u20091.4% (65 mmol\/mol). Thirty-seven percent of the study population were overweight and of them 11.5% were obese. In the overweight group, the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were significantly lower and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) values were higher compared with normal weight participants. Multivariate analysis showed that BMI and age at study affected SBP and HDL levels, while age at study and HbA<jats:sub>1c<\/jats:sub> levels affected DBP. Female patients were significantly overweight compared to males and had higher low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and cholesterol levels. Waist-to-hip ratio, an indicator of central obesity, was abnormally high among overweight males and females.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2018-0483_s_996\">\n<jats:title id=\"d3356547e28885\">Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>In our cohort of children with type 1 diabetes, there were a significant number of overweight children, with a higher prevalence in females. Components of metabolic syndrome were more prevalent among overweight and obese diabetic individuals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2018-0483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,31]],"date-time":"2019-05-31T09:03:15Z","timestamp":1559293395000},"page":"715-719","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The metabolic consequences of overweight in a cohort of children with type 1 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Natalia","family":"Sevaliev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Strich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmit","family":"Avnon-Ziv","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Floris","family":"Levy-Khademi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"374","reference":[{"key":"ref351","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"923","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.12.017","article-title":"Overweight is highly prevalent in children with type 1 diabetes and associates with cardio metabolic risk","volume":"156","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref381","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1016\/j.genm.2012.05.003","article-title":"Sex differences in cardiovascular disease risk in adolescents with type 1 diabetes","volume":"9","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gend Med"},{"key":"ref151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1532","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0000000000000094","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease risk factors in youth with diabetes mellitus: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association","volume":"130","year":"2014","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref371","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1193","DOI":"10.1007\/s00431-012-1704-x","article-title":"Prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes in Austria","volume":"171","year":"2012","journal-title":"Eur J Pediatr"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orcp.2013.03.007","article-title":"Obesity is associated with retinopathy and macrovascular disease in type 1 diabetes","volume":"8","year":"2014","journal-title":"Obes Res Clin Pract"},{"key":"ref391","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-821023","article-title":"Low grade inflammation in juvenile obesity and type 1 diabetes associated with early signs of atherosclerosis","volume":"112","year":"2004","journal-title":"Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes"},{"key":"ref331","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1084","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.22.7.1084","article-title":"Improved glycemic control reduces the impact of weight gain on cardiovascular risk factors in type 1 diabetes. 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