{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:50:29Z","timestamp":1787316629148,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Walter de Gruyter GmbH","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2020-0679_abs_001\">\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Achondroplasia and hypochondroplasia are the most common forms of disproportionate short stature, of which the vast majority of cases can be attributed to the hotspot missense mutations in the gene\n                      <jats:italic>FGFR3<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Here we presented cases with a novel cryptic splicing variant of\n                      <jats:italic>FGFR3<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene and aimed to interrogate the variant pathogenicity.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2020-0679_abs_002\">\n                    <jats:title>Case presentaiton<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In whole exome sequencing of two patients with hypochondroplasia-like features, a\n                      <jats:italic>de novo<\/jats:italic>\n                      intronic variant c.1075\u00a0+\u00a095C&gt;G was identified, predicted to alter mRNA splicing. Minigene assay showed that this intronic variant caused retention of a 90-nucleotide segment of intron 8 in mRNA, resulting in a 30-amino acid insertion at the extracellular domain of the protein. This is the first likely pathogenic splicing variant identified in the\n                      <jats:italic>FGFR3<\/jats:italic>\n                      gene and was detected in one additional patient among 26 genetically unresolved patients.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec id=\"j_jpem-2020-0679_abs_003\">\n                    <jats:title>Conclustions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our results strongly suggest that c.1075\u00a0+\u00a095C&gt;G is a recurrent mutation and should be included in genetic testing of\n                      <jats:italic>FGFR3<\/jats:italic>\n                      especially for those patients with equivocal clinical findings and no exonic mutations identified.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1515\/jpem-2020-0679","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,23]],"date-time":"2021-06-23T20:09:52Z","timestamp":1624478992000},"page":"1323-1328","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["An intronic variant disrupts mRNA splicing and causes\n                    <i>FGFR3<\/i>\n                    -related skeletal dysplasia"],"prefix":"10.1515","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Ting","family":"Xu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Genetics , Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research , Shanghai , China"},{"name":"Clinical Genetics Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research , Shanghai , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Genetics , Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research , Shanghai , China"},{"name":"Clinical Genetics Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research , Shanghai , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiqian","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Genetics , Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research , Shanghai , China"},{"name":"Clinical Genetics Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research , Shanghai , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuefan","family":"Gu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Genetics , Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research , Shanghai , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4472-0910","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongguo","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Genetics , Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research , Shanghai , China"},{"name":"Clinical Genetics Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research , Shanghai , China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition , 200092 , Shanghai , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanjie","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Genetics , Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research , Shanghai , China"},{"name":"Clinical Genetics Center, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Institute for Pediatric Research , Shanghai , China"},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition , 200092 , Shanghai , China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"374","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023040101125222591_j_jpem-2020-0679_ref_001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pauli, RM. Achondroplasia: a comprehensive clinical review. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2019;14:1. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13023-018-0972-6.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-018-0972-6"},{"key":"2023040101125222591_j_jpem-2020-0679_ref_002","unstructured":"Legare, JM. Achondroplasia. In: Adam, MP, Ardinger, HH, Pagon, RA, et al.., editors. GeneReviews\u00ae [Internet] [Updated 2020 Aug 6]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1998:1993\u20132021 pp. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK1152\/."},{"key":"2023040101125222591_j_jpem-2020-0679_ref_003","unstructured":"Bober, MB, Bellus, GA, Nikkel, SM, Tiller, GE. Hypochondroplasia. In: Adam, MP, Ardinger, HH, Pagon, RA, Wallace, SE, Bean, LJH, Stephens, K, Amemiya, A, editors. GeneReviews\u00ae [Internet] [updated 2020 May 7]. 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Endocr Rev 2000;21:23\u201339. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1210\/er.21.1.23.","DOI":"10.1210\/edrv.21.1.0387"},{"key":"2023040101125222591_j_jpem-2020-0679_ref_006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ornitz, DM. FGF signaling in the developing endochondral skeleton. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2005;16:205\u201313. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2005.02.003.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cytogfr.2005.02.003"},{"key":"2023040101125222591_j_jpem-2020-0679_ref_007","unstructured":"Bellus, GA, Hefferon, TW, Ortiz, DLR, Hecht, JT, Horton, WA, Machado, M, et al.. Achondroplasia is defined by recurrent G380R mutations of FGFR3. Am J Hum Genet 1995;56:368\u201373."},{"key":"2023040101125222591_j_jpem-2020-0679_ref_008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ornitz, DM, Legeai-Mallet, L. Achondroplasia: development, pathogenesis, and therapy. Dev Dynam 2017;246:291\u2013309. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/dvdy.24479.","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.24479"},{"key":"2023040101125222591_j_jpem-2020-0679_ref_009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Meyer, AN, Modaff, P, Wang, CG, Wohler, E, Sobreira, NL, Donoghue, DJ, et al.. Typical achondroplasia secondary to a unique insertional variant of FGFR3 with in vitro demonstration of its effect on FGFR3 function. Am J Med Genet 2021;185:798\u2013805. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ajmg.a.62043.","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.62043"},{"key":"2023040101125222591_j_jpem-2020-0679_ref_010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lindy, AS, Basehore, MJ, Munisha, M, Williams, AL, Friez, MJ, Writzl, K, et al.. Identification of a novel insertion mutation in FGFR3 that causes thanatophoric dysplasia type 1. 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J Comput Biol 1997;4:311\u201323. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1089\/cmb.1997.4.311.","DOI":"10.1089\/cmb.1997.4.311"},{"key":"2023040101125222591_j_jpem-2020-0679_ref_014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cooper, TA. Use of minigene systems to dissect alternative splicing elements. Methods 2005;37:331\u201340. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ymeth.2005.07.015.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymeth.2005.07.015"},{"key":"2023040101125222591_j_jpem-2020-0679_ref_015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Richards, S, Aziz, N, Bale, S, Bick, D, Das, S, Gastier-Foster, J, et al.. Standards and guidelines for the interpretation of sequence variants: a joint consensus recommendation of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics and the Association for Molecular Pathology. 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